AP Bio Review Unit 1

Scientists examined the folded structure of a purified protein resuspended in water and found that amino acids with nonpolar R groups were primarily buried in the middle of the protein, whereas amino acids with polar R groups were primarily on the surface of the protein. Which of the following best explains the location of the amino acids in the folded protein?

• Polar R groups on the surface of the protein can form ionic bonds with the charged ends of the water molecules.

• Polar R groups are too bulky to fit in the middle of the protein and are pushed toward the protein’s surface.

• Nonpolar R groups that cannot form hydrogen bonds with water are pushed into the middle of the protein.

• Nonpolar R groups from different parts of the protein form covalent bonds with each other to maintain the protein’s structure.

Rosalind Franklin’s x-ray diffraction images taken in the 1950s most directly support which of the following claims about DNA?

• The ratios of base pairs are constant.

• The nucleotide sequence determines genetic information.

• The two strands of DNA are antiparallel.

• The basic molecular structure is a helix.

Which of the following does not result from hydrogen bonding in water molecules?

• Cohesion

• Adhesion

• Surface Tension

• Dissolving Fats

Why is water considered polar?

• Nonpolar covalent bonds in structure

• Ionic bonds in structure

• polar covalent bonds in structure

• hydrophobic interaction in structure

Which macromolecule(s) have nitrogen?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• Nucleic Acids and Proteins

Which macromolecule(s) have phosphorus?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• Nucleic Acids and Proteins

Which macromolecule(s) have sulfur?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• Nucleic Acids and Proteins

Describes the forming of a bond between monomers with the removal of a water molecule.

• hydrolysis

• dehydration

Which of the following is NOT in the monomer of the nucleic acid

• pentose sugar

• nitrogenous base

• phosphate

• amino acid

Describes the breaking of a bond within a polymer using water.

• hydrolysis

• dehydration