Grade 9 - Formation of the solar system

Look at the illustration above.

The orange part is

• the hot inner disk

• the cold inner disk

• the frost line

The inner planets are made out of

• Rocks

• Gas

• Ice

The asteroid belt lies between

• the inner planets and outer planets

• the outer planets and Pluto

• the sun and the inner planets

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Kepler's first law of planetary motion states that

• the apparent backward movement of a planet is called retrograde motion

• each planet orbits the Sun in a shape called an ellipse, rather than a circle

• there is a relationship between the size of a planet’s ellipse and its orbital period

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If there is no gravity, the Moon would

• orbit the earth with a very high velocity

• continue to move in a straight line and would not orbit Earth.

• collide with the planet Earth

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Which law of planetary motion does this diagram demonstrate?

• Kepler’s first law

• Kepler’s second law

• Newton’s law of universal gravitation

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Which scientist determined each planet orbits a point between it and the Sun, called the center of mass?

• Kepler

• Newton

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What did stars and planets form from?

• dark matter

• exploding stars

• interstellar cloud

What causes the gas & dust of an intrasellar cloud to move together or collapse?

• Wind

• Gravity

• stars

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Inner planets were composed primarily of elements that

• are icy

• resist vaporization

• are not dense at all