Ecology Study Guide

Found at the bottom of the food web, examples are plants and algae.

• consumers

• producers

• decomposers

• predators

The major source of energy for nearly all ecosystems is:

• the sun

• thermal (volcanic) activity

• photoelectricity

• the energizer bunny

Which of the following is an abiotic factor in a river ecosystem?

• frog

• water

• dragonfly

• trout

Which of the following is a biotic factor in a river ecosystem?

• turtle

• oxygen

• water

• rocks

Why are there less high level consumers (tertiary, secondary) than there are low level consumers (primary)?

• higher level predators have been hunted more heavily

• there is less energy available for higher level predators

• lower level prey are just too fast for most predators to catch higher level

• predators retire earlier and live in Old Predator retirement communities in Florida

In this food web, what species would increase if grasshoppers were suddenly removed?

• mice

• frog

• grass

• owl

What do the arrows in the food web diagram represent?

• the location and movement of organisms within the food web

• which organisms are most closely related within the food web

• the movement of carbon dioxide through the organisms in a food web

• the transfer of matter and energy through the organisms in a food web

An animal that eats plants and other animals is known as a:

• carnivore

• producer

• herbivore

• omnivore

What is a relationship shown by this African energy pyramid?

• The lion is a predator of the giraffes.

• The lion is the prey of the giraffes.

• Giraffes are the prey of the trees.

• Giraffes are predators of the lion.

What are the ecological levels of organization?

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