Biology Unit 6 EOC Review

A scientist is studying two strains of a species of bacteria, labeled A and B. Strain A has the trait of resistance to the drug penicillin, while Strain B is not resistant to penicillin. After populations of the two strains are mixed together, which is the most likely way that Strain B becomes resistant to penicillin?

• The bacteria in Strain B form a mutualistic relationship with the bacteria in Strain A.

• The bacteria in Strain B undergo random mutations, some of which provide resistance to penicillin.

• The bacteria in Strain B form endosperms, which are temporary multicellular organisms.

• Bacteria in both strains exchange genetic information through the process of conjugation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is a deadly disease. Could someone be infected with HIV yet show no symptoms of AIDS? Choose the correct answer and most likely explanation.

• Yes, the virus may be inactive for many cell cycles, similar to the lysogenic infections of bacteria.

• Yes, the virus may be active and damage the immune system, but no symptoms may arise.

• No, the virus becomes active and damages the immune system very soon after infection occurs.

• No, even when the virus is inactive, the immune system attacks it and symptoms of AIDS appear.

A scientist is studying the cells of an unidentified organism. Which of the following observations would provide the strongest evidence that the organism is a fungus?

• The cells are especially small, and they do not have nuclei or cell walls.

• The cells have a boxy shape, and they have cell walls made of cellulose.

• The cells have cell walls that are made of chitin.

• The cells have nuclei, but they do not have cell walls.

A scientist has identified a species that is unicellular and lacks nuclei. The cells are much smaller than the cells of a typical plant or animal. Is the species a member of domain Bacteria?

• Yes, the species is classified in domain Bacteria.

• Maybe, the species might be classified in domain Archaea.

• Maybe, the species might be classified in kingdom Protista.

• No, the species is classified in kingdom Protista.

Scientists continue to use the term protist to classify eukaryotic species, including many species that are similar to plants, animals, and fungi. Which discovery led scientists to re-evaluate the way they classified protists?

• Some prokaryotic organisms resemble plants, animals, or fungi.

• Some eukaryotic, single-celled organisms do not resemble plants, animals, or fungi.

• All eukaryotic organisms are multicellular.

• Some prokaryotic organisms resemble protists.

Mosses and other bryophytes are quite short, while many ferns, cone-bearing plants, and flowering plants can grow quite tall. Which type of tissue found in the taller plants, but not in mosses, is most useful for explaining the tall heights that plants can achieve?

• endosperm, which nurtures the developing plant embryo in a seed

• apical meristems, which allow growth in the tips of roots and shoots

• vascular tissues, which conduct water and nutrients against the pull of gravity

• leaf epidermis, which protects inner leaf tissues from drying out

Most familiar plants are either gymnosperms or angiosperms. Which structural feature is always found in examples of one of these two plant groups, but is not present in the other plant group?

• a waxy coat that prevents water loss

• cells with chloroplasts, where photosynthesis is performed

• woody stems or trunks

• seeds made by flowers and contained in fruits

What best describes the role of this example of a flower in seed production?

• The flower may contribute pollen, but not ovules.

• The flower may contribute ovules, but not pollen.

• The flower may contribute pollen or ovules, but not both.

• The flower may contribute pollen, ovules, or both pollen and ovules.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-4

After the flower is pollinated, a seed and fruit will develop. What function, if any, is performed by the flower petals as seeds and fruits develop?

• The petals wrap around the developing ovule to protect it.

• The petals wrap around the developing fruit and become an outer rind or coat.

• The petals attract animals that may help to distribute the fruits and seeds.

• The petals fall away; their function was completed when the flower was pollinated.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-4

Seeds are used as reproductive structures in a wide variety of plants, and all seeds have a very similar structure. Along with a food supply, what else is found in a seed?

• separated male gametes and female gametes

• either male gametes or female gametes, but not both

• exactly one male gamete and one female gamete, ready to be joined together

• a living embryo of the plant