Unit 6 (Evolution) Test Review

1.) One way a species evolves is that some organisms with certain traits SURVIVE and REPRODUCE better than others. This process is known as _____________________.

• natural selection

• convergent evolution

• coevolution

• sexual selection

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2.) A population of bacteria is treated with hand sanitizer. Because of genetic VARIATION in the population, what is a possible outcome?

• The population will grow quickly.

• All of the bacteria are already resistant.

• They will get better at obtaining a food source.

• Some may be resistant and survive.

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3.) Which of the following is NOT an example of evolution?

• Horses becoming taller and faster over millions of years

• All species of tortoises in the Galapagos Islands descending from a common ancestor

• Human brains becoming larger over time

• A caterpillar changing into a butterfly

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4.) During a period of droughts in the Mojave Desert, seeds that are small and easily eaten become more and more rare, leaving mostly seeds that are large with hard-cased shells behind. The only birds that can eat these particular seeds are those with LARGE BEAKS. If the drought continues for several more years, what should be expected to happen as a result of natural selection?

• Small birds will gain larger beaks by exercising their mouths more.

• More small-beaked birds will die than larger-beaked birds. The offspring produced in the following generations will have a higher percentage of birds with larger beaks.

• Smaller birds will mutate their beak genes, resulting in the following generations having a higher percentage of birds with larger beaks.

• Small birds will eat more to gain weight in preparation for the drought. As a result, they will grow larger beaks from eating more.

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5.) Organisms that live in similar environments, such as the ocean, often have similar adaptations. This is often due to ____________________. (Hint: Think of a dragonfly and a bird, as another example.)

• convergent evolution

• coevolution

• gradualism

• sexual selection

6.) Which pattern of evolution results in one species SPLITTING into many over time?

• Coevolution

• Divergent Evolution

• Convergent Evolution

• Sexual Selection

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7.) Two bodily structures, found in DIFFERENT species, have DIFFERENT internal bone structures but serve a SIMILAR purpose in each organism. This is most likely describing _____________________. (Hint: Again, think of a dragonfly and a bird, as an example.)

• homologous structures

• vestigial structures

• analogous structures

• natural selection

8. Ostriches have wings, but do not fly. Humans have a "tailbone" without a tail. Whales contain bones for rear legs, yet swim. Each of these are examples of _____________________.

• homologous structures

• vestigial structures

• analogous structures

• natural selection

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9.) Evidence of evolution from the field of PALEONTOLOGY examines _____________________.

• sequences of DNA and protein

• embryos of different species

• the location of different species across the planet

• fossils compared to living species

10.) According to binomial nomenclature, species are given TWO NAMES based on their _____________________. (Examples: Homo sapiens or Ursus Arcturus)

• Kingdom and Species

• Genus and Species

• Class and Phylum

• Order and Genus