Industrial Revolution and Imperialism

How did 17th and 18th-century scientific advances in Europe most contribute to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution?

• Church leaders encouraged business owners to take more risks

• Inventors, landowners, and entrepreneurs adopted a more experimental approach to improving production.

• Farmers learned how to predict weather conditions to increase their crop yields.

• Merchants developed the “domestic system” for producing goods in people’s homes.

- Europeans sought new markets for their goods.

- Many Europeans migrated to the cities in search of jobs. - European middle class gained political power.

What was the major cause of these changes in Europe?

• Industrial Revolution

• rise of feudalism

• Congress of Vienna

• French Revolution

How did the introduction of the factory system affect workers' daily lives?

• Factories provided relief from farm work because workers performed fewer tasks a day than farmers did

• Factory work, with long hours and poor conditions, proved to be even harsher than farm work

• Factory workers received higher salaries for their work and enjoyed year-round work rather than seasonal farm work

• The factories’ machines required less maintenance and were much safer for children and women than farm equipment

According to Karl Marx, history is the record of the

• granting of more political liberties to all people

• struggle between classes in society

• wars and conflicts between national leaders

• increasing prosperity brought about by industrialization

One factor that played an important role in initiating the Industrial Revolution was the:

• use of cottage industries in India

• the invention of the automobile

• use of steam to power factory machinery

• . movement of families from cities to the countryside

Which of the following scientists/inventors is correctly matched to their significant contribution?

• Marie Curie ® Radioactivity

• Thomas Edison ® Heliocentric Theory

• Eli Whitney ® Steam engine

• Louis Pasteur ® Theory of Relativity

A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the

• concentration of workers in urban areas

• increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power

• control of agricultural production by governments

• formation of powerful craft guilds

Adam Smith’s book Wealth of Nations contributed to the rise of

• Colonialism

• Imperialism

• Free-enterprise system

• Communism

Which was a direct political change that resulted from the Industrial Revolution?

• A greater proportion of people worked on farms and could therefore vote

• The middle classes were generally eliminated from political life.

• New labor unions sought political as well as economic influence.

• Working conditions for workers making textiles encouraged greater participation in public life.

How did changes in textile manufacturing help initiate the Industrial Revolution?

• Textile manufacturers introduced changes in methods of transportation to obtain raw materials

• Textile manufacturers used highly skilled workers who were more productive than unskilled workers

• Textile manufacturers used raw materials recently discovered in the Americas to introduce new products to Europe

• Textile manufacturers were the first to combine steam power and machinery in factories to mass produce goods