recap 12 miscellaneous H446 computer science

Intel's Pentium chip uses

____________ to execute as many as six instructions simultaneously.

Using pipelinlng, the computer architecture allows the next instructions to be fetched at the same time as

the processor is performing arithmetic or logic operations, holding them in a ___________ close to the processor

until the instruction can be performed.

what's the relationship between the word size/length for a CPU and the width of the data bus?

A data bus has 65536 different binary values. How many ASCII characters can be transmitted at once?

Answer explanation

65536 is 2 to power 16. That means the data bus is 16 wide. ASCII needs 7 bits (8 for extended ASCII).

In round robin scheduling, processes are despatched on a first in first out (FIFO) basis, with each process

in turn being given a limited amount of CPU time called a ____ _____ or quantum. If the process does not

complete before its time expires. or before a higher priority interrupt occurs, the despatcher gives the

CPU to the next process.

Which processor scheduling algorithm separate processes into categories based on their need for the processor?

Answer explanation

The algorithm implements several job queues and jobs can move between queues, depending on how much processor time they use. Since input/output (110) is so much slower than processor speed, it is efficient to try and keep the 110 devices as continuously busy as possible, so that a bottleneck does not

occur when several programs simultaneously need to send data to the printer, for example. While one job is printing, other jobs can use the processor. The aim is to maximise processor use.

A _______ ___________ can be defined as any instance where software is used to take on the function of the machine, including executing intermediate code or running an operating system within another to emulate

different hardware.

_________ would therefore be appropriate when a program is to be run regularly or frequently, with only

occasional change.

• a compiler

• an interpreter

platform independence - the source code can be run on any machine which has the appropriate platform available (e.g. Java's byte code)

• advantage of compilers

• advantage of interpreters

• the identifier or keyword

• the kind of item (variable, array, procedure, keyword etc.)

• the type of item (integer, real, char etc.)

• the runtime address of the item, or its value if it is a constant

These are all contained within the _________ _________ during compilation