Chapter 8 bio form 4

The diagram above shows the respiratory system of an insect. What is K?

• Tracheole

• Muscle

• Spiracle

• Trachea

Which of the following is true about the structural adaptation of the tracheoles in insects for gaseous exchange?

I. The large number of tracheoles provide large surface area

II. The tracheoles are close to each body cell

III. The tracheoles have thin permeable wall

IV. Gaseous exchange takes place directly from the tracheoles into the cell

• I and II only

• III and IV only

• I, III, and IV only

• I, II, III and IV

Which of the following are adaptations of a fish gill filaments for respiration?

I. The gill filaments has thin membrane to filter the bacteria in the water.

II. The gill filaments are supplied with numerous blood capillaries.

III. The gill filaments have many folds to increase the respiratory surface.

IV. The direction of blood flow in gill filament is opposite of the direction of water flow.

• I and II only

• III and IV only

• II, III and IV only

• I, II, III and IV only

Which of the following structure is involved in breathing in a frog?

• Mouth cavity

• Diaphragm

• Intercostal muscles

• Rib cage

Which of the following is the adaptation of skin of frogs for gaseous exchange?

• Moist and cold

• Slippery and slimy

• Thin and folded

• Moist and rich in blood capillaries

The diagram shows the condition of the rib cage and diaphragm during breathing. What happens to muscle X and Y during this process?

• Muscle X contracts while Muscle Y relaxes

• Muscle X relaxes while Muscle Y contracts

• Muscle X and Muscle Y relaxes

• Muscle X and Muscle Y contracts

When climbing a mountain, the atmospheric pressure decreases. The partial pressure of oxygen decreases and this causes the oxygen level in the blood to drop. How does the body return the oxygen level to the normal level.

I. Respiratory muscles contract and relax faster

II. Intercostal muscles contract and relax slower

III. Breathing and ventilation rate increases

IV. pH of blood decreases

• I and II

• I and III

• II and IV

• III and IV

Which of the following is not the way carbon dioxide transports in the body?

• 70% is transported in the form of bicarbonate ions (HCO₃^-)

• 7% dissolved carbon dioxide is transported as carbonic acid (H₂CO₃)

• 7% dissolved carbon dioxide is transported in the form of carbonic anhydrase enzymes in erythrocytes.

• 23% of carbon dioxide combines with haemoglobin to form carbaminohaemoglobin

What are the causes of emphysema?

• Blockage of bronchioles

• Airway inflammation

• Damage to the alveoli walls

• Excessive production of mucus

A man involved in a car accident. His rib is fractured and punctured his lungs. What will happen to the man?

• He will have difficulties in swallowing food

• He will experience short of breath

• He cannot sneeze

• He cannot speak