Evolution

The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?

•  It provides information about the organisms' habitats.
•  It shows possible common ancestry between organisms.
• It provides information to determine the organisms' ages.
• It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms.

The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram? 

• The organisms share a common ancestry.
• The organisms belong to the same genus.
• The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
• The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.

Scientists are studying the evolutionary history of a group of plants in the United States, and they developed an evolutionary tree, as shown below.Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?

• Species 1 is most closely related to Species 8.
• Species 2 is most closely related to Species 3.
• Species 3 is most closely related to Species 7.
• Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.

Scientists are studying the evolutionary history of a group of plants in the United States, and they developed an evolutionary tree, as shown below.What information about the organisms best helps the scientists to determine the evolutionary relationships among them?

• DNA sequences
•  Anatomical features
• Habitat types
• Reproductive Strategies

 The diagram represents the relationship between beak structure and food in several species of finches found on the Galapagos Islands. The different beak structures observed in the diagram are evidence of

•  different species of finches adapting to different environments over many generations
•  finches changing their beak characteristics so that they could feed efficiently
• finch species with different beak structures coming to the Galapagos Islands from the mainland
•  finches mating with birds of other species and acquiring some of their traits

Which occurrence represents an example of evolution?

•  Exposure to radiation reduces the rate of mutation in leaf cells.
• A mutation in a liver cell causes a person to produce an enzyme that is less efficient.
•  Cells in a zygote eventually change into bone cells or skin cells
• Some antibiotics are almost useless, because pathogens have developed a resistance to these antibiotics.

What is this an example of?

• vestigial structures
• embryology
• homologous structures
• fossil record

Scientists can determine relatedness among organisms by comparing partial amino acid sequences. The table shows four partial amino acid sequences from four organisms. Which organism is the LEAST related to the other three organisms?

• Organism 1

• Organism 2

• Organism 3

• Organism 4

Darwin's observation that finches of different species on the Galapagos have many similar physical traits supports the hypothesis that these finches

• have the ability to interbreed
• acquired traits through use and disuse
• all eat the same type of food
• descended from a common ancestor

A student discovers an arachnid with a segmented abdomen, long legs, and a tail with no stinger. The student uses the dichotomous key below to identify it. Which arachnid has the student found?

• Whip Scorpion
• Wind Scorpion
• Daddy long legs
• Scorpion