Deduction and Induction

Properties of inductive reasoning

• Logically false. May or may not be Realistically true

• Logically true. Realistically true

• Logically false. Realistically true

• Logically true. May or may not be Realistically true

Properties of deductive reasoning

• Logically false. May or may not be Realistically true

• Logically true. Realistically true

• Logically false. Realistically true

• Logically true. May or may not be Realistically true

Premise 1: Mango is a fruit.

Premise 2: The box is full of fruits.

Conclusion: The box is full of mangoes.

• Inductive reasoning

• Deductive reasoning

• Inductivity

• Deductivity

Select the correct conclusion.

Premise 1 : All the acute angle are less than 90^o.

Premise 2 : x + y is acute angle.

Conclusion : .................................................................

• x + y less than 90^o.

• x + y more than 90^o.

• x + y is not a acute angle.

• x + y is acute angle.

What is the meaning of deductive argument?

Choose the correct answer.

• Sentences that are questions, instructions and calls.

• Sentences that have strong premise and high reliability.

• Sentences that have a weak premise and lower reliability.

• Sentences that have the correct premise and conclusion.

What is the meaning of inductive argument?

Choose the correct answer.

• Sentences that are questions, instructions and calls.

• Sentences that have strong premise and high reliability

• The sentence has a premise that is intended only to confirm the argument.

• The sentence has the correct premise and conclusion.

State whether the conclusion made in the following case is through deduction or induction.

6 = 3 + 3

8 = 3 + 5

10 = 3 + 7

12 = 5 + 7

14 = 3 + 11

Conclusion:

All even numbers greater than 4 can be expressed as the sum of two prime numbers

• Deduction

• Induction

State whether the conclusion made in the following case is through deduction or induction.

All equations which can be written in the form of ax² + bx + c = 0, where a, b and c are constants, are quadratic equations.

The equation 2x(x - 1) = 5 can be written as 2x² - 2x - 5 = 0.

Conclusion :

2x(x - 1) = 5 is a quadratic equation

• Deductive

• Inductive

Determine whether the following argument is inductive argument or deductive argument.

All the pupils from Class 4 Bahagia perform on Teachers' Day. Jayanthi is a pupil from Class 4 Bahagia. Then, Jayanthi performs on Teachers' Day.

• Deductive argument

• Inductive argument

Determine whether the following argument is inductive argument or deductive argument.

The sum of 11 and 3 is an even number.

The sum of 3 and 5 is an even number.

The sum of 5 and 7 is an even number.

The sum of 7 and 9 is an even number.

In conclusion, the sum of two odd numbers is an even number..

• Deductive argument

• Inductive argument