Biology F4 : Chapter 8

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport

Which of the following structure involved in the breathing mechanism of a frog?

• Ribcage

• Intercostal muscle

• Diaphragm

• Buccalpharyngeal cavity

• The pressure in the buccal cavity decreases

• The pressure in the buccal cavity increases

• Operculum closes due to the pressure in the buccal cavity

• No change in pressure in the buccal cavity.

• The respiratory surface is moist

• The respiratory surface is thin

• The respiratory structure has a large network of capillaries

• The respiratory structure is less permeable to oxygen

• J, K, M, L

• K, L, J, M

• K, M, L, J

• L, K, L, J

• R: High, S: Low, T: High

• R: Low, S: High, T: Low

• R: High, S: Low, T: Low

• R: Low, S: High, T: High

• Carbon dioxide is transported as dissolved carbon dioxide in the blood.

• Carbon dioxide is transported in the form of sulphate ion.

• Transport of carbon dioxide is affected by temperature.

• Carbon dioxide is transported as carboxyhaemoglobin.

• The chance of getting lung cancer increases.

• Difficulty in breathing reduces.

• The efficiency in gaseous exchange reduces

• Inflammation of the walls of airways.

How does fish maximise the efficiency of gaseous exchange?

• Opening of mouth and operculum.

• Closing of mouth and operculum.

• The direction of water and blood flow through gills is the same.

• The direction of water and blood flow through the gills is opposite.

What are the common characteristics shown by the respiratory surface of organisms?

I. Have thin layer

II. Moist surface

III Have large surface area

IV Not covered by a network of blood capillaries

• I and II only

• I, II and III only

• III and IV only

• All of the above