HSC biology - Module 5 - DNA and Polypeptide Synthesis

How are cells differentiated?

• the way that the DNA molecules are organised and packaged

• how big they are

• what nitrogenous bases they have

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

what is the process where: DNA is converted int mRNA code, then is carried to the cytoplasm and then to ribosomes

• Transcription

• Translation

• mRNA replication

What is the process where: mRNA is read within the ribosome, where associated anticodons are paired up, leaving their amino acid, creating a polypeptide chain.

• Translation

• Transcription

• Translocation

What is not a role of mRNA?

• essential to keep DNA protected

• carry genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosomes

• has start and stop codons which initiates translation and releases the polypeptide chain into the cytoplasm

• carries specific amino acids to be joined onto the polypeptide chain

What is the role of tRNA?

• carries specific amino acids to be joined onto the polypeptide chain

• has start and stop codons which initiates translation and releases the polypeptide chain into the cytoplasm

• carry genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosomes

• essential to keep DNA protected

phenotype

• physical appearance

• genetics

• photosynthetic organisms

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

gene expression

• translocation of genes into their protein end products

• transcription

• translation

what can phenotype be determined by (other than genes)

• pH

• temperature

• diet

• stress

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

what are the levels of physical structure?

• Primary structure

• Secondary structure

• Tertiary structure

• Quaternary

Primary structure

• the amino acid sequence

• formation of alpha helices and beta sheets

• secondary folding caused by the interaction between the polypeptide and its immediate environment, results in the formation of overall 3D structure

• the relationship between individual subunits

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1