Text Structure Practice

Read the following passage, then answer the question:

The fashion industry is ranked as the world’s second-largest polluter, so it’s responsible for up to 10 percent of global carbon dioxide emissions. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, which traps heat in Earth’s atmosphere and contributes to climate change.

Making clothes requires large amounts of natural resources. For example, it takes about 713 gallons of water to produce the cotton needed to make just one new T-shirt. That’s enough drinking water for one person for two-and-a-half years. One pair of jeans requires, on average, 1,850 gallons of water for dyeing, bleaching, and washing. As a result, it can pollute the environment.

How is this text organized?

• cause and effect

• problem & solution

• compare & contrast

• sequence / chronological order

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Read the following passage, then answer the question:

Much of the pollution and waste generated by the fashion industry come from “fast fashion.” The goal of fast fashion is to sell large quantities of trendy clothing as cheaply as possible. Fast fashion items are typically worn for only a short time before being tossed away—either because the clothes are no longer fashionable or because they are cheaply made and have begun to fall apart. Many of these garments end up in landfills.

As an eco-fashion designer, Penn provides a solution to fast fashion. Her strategy is simple: Reduce the need to make new clothes by giving old ones a second life. She scours thrift stores and vintage shops for items she can repurpose. She transforms vintage scarves into silky blouses and old pants into colorful purses. She uses forgotten-about dresses to make sparkly headbands.

How is this text organized?

• cause and effect

• problem & solution

• compare & contrast

• sequence / chronological order

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CHALLENGE QUESTION:

Read the following passage, then answer the question:

The fact is, we can all make a difference when it comes to clothing and the environment. Instead of throwing away a shirt because it has a tiny tear, look up how to mend it on YouTube. Instead of tossing out clothes that no longer fit, donate them to charity or to a take-back program. (A take-back program collects old items and has them recycled into new ones.)

Research how your clothes are made and identify companies committed to sustainability. If you find a business that’s not, write a letter explaining why it should be.

How is this text organized?

• cause and effect

• problem & solution

• compare & contrast

• sequence

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Read the following passage, then answer the question:

WHY ARE WE SO TIRED?

You know the effects of a crummy night’s sleep: You feel groggy, forgetful, and clumsy. It’s no wonder—24 hours without sleep leaves a person as impaired as if they were legally drunk. Drowsy driving causes more than 100,000 car accidents every year.

Over time, a sleep deficit has serious consequences. A chronic lack of sleep increases the risk of depression, anxiety, injury, low self-esteem, and certain diseases. It can also affect concentration.

How is the text organized?

• cause & effect

• problem & solution

• compare & contrast

• sequence

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

Read the following passage, then answer the question:

Why are we so tired?

Over time, a sleep deficit can harm you. A chronic lack of sleep increases the risk of depression, anxiety, injury, low self-esteem, and certain diseases. It can also ruin your ability to concentrate.

Getting enough sleep, on the other hand, can change your life. While you sleep, your body re-energizes. It builds muscle and bone and strengthens your immune system. Your brain stores memories and solves problems. Studies show that you’re more likely to remember something if you sleep after learning it.

How is this text organized?

• problem & solution

• cause & effect

• sequence

• compare & contrast

Tags

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

Read the following passage, then answer the question:

Screens and Sleep

But it isn’t just biology that can get in the way of a good night’s sleep. There’s another obstacle: technology.

Studies show that the more time you spend staring at a screen, the more likely you are to stay up late and sleep less. One reason is that tech-related activities get your mind revved up, making it hard to relax. The other reason is that light—particularly the blue-wave light that many devices emit—tells your body it’s daytime. This prevents the release of melatonin, a hormone triggered by darkness that makes you drowsy.

Which text structure is being used?

• compare & contrast

• cause & effect

• problem & solution

• chronological order / sequence

Tags

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

CHALLENGE QUESTION: Read the following passage, then answer the question:

Sleep Tips

The good news is that with some simple changes, you can get the sleep you need to feel rested and rejuvenated.

Think about how you can transform your bedroom into a sleeper’s paradise. Try to use your bed just for sleeping and not for other activities, such as eating or doing homework. Also, avoid keeping your phone, controllers, and other devices within arm’s reach at night. It’s tempting to group chat, binge-watch, or play games into the wee hours.

Also, try getting some exercise. Even a walk around the neighborhood can be beneficial. Just be sure not to do anything too physically active too late in the evening, because that will get your heart rate up and make it hard to relax and fall asleep.

Lastly, try to create a calming bedtime ritual for yourself. Maybe have a cup of hot chocolate or a warm bath or read a favorite book to lull yourself to sleep.

The text structure used in this passage is:

• compare & contrast

• cause & effect

• problem & solution

• sequence / chronological order

Tags

CCSS.RI.4.5

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5