S2 Review 2

The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?

•  It provides information about the organisms' habitats.
•  It shows possible common ancestry between organisms.
• It provides information to determine the organisms' ages.
• It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms.

The diagram illustrates an embryonic stage of two organisms.Which of the following can be determined by observing the embryos shown in the diagram? 

• The organisms share a common ancestry.
• The organisms belong to the same genus.
• The organisms are native to the same geographic areas.
• The organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults.

According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the human?

• crayfish
• grasshopper
• perch
• frog

According to this cladogram, sharks are MOST closely related to which organism? 

• Amphibians
• Ray finned fish
• Crocodiles
• Birds

_____________________are similar structures which species have, but which perform different functions. They provide evidence of a common ancestor.

• DNA

• Vestigial structures

• Fossils

• Homologous structures

What is a possible reason why whales change over millions of years?

• Predators on land became better adapted to hunting the whale ancestors forcing them to live in the water

• Food sources became more difficult to find, so hunting in water or aquatic environments became more advantageous

Describes a patter of long, stable periods interrupted by brief periods of more rapid change

• convergent evolution
• coevolution
• punctuated equilibrium
• adaptive radiation

The idea that evolution seems to occur in spurts of time.

• stabilizing selection
• directional selection
• disruptive selection
• puntuated equilibrium

The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs gradually over time as a slow and constant process is known as

• speciation
• punctuated equilibrium
• gradualism
• microevolution

The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs in periods of rapid change separated by periods of little or no change is called

• divergence
• gradualism
• punctuated equilibrium
• isolation