From Trade to Territory– 4

What was the objective behind the Company’s new policy of ‘paramountcy’? What is the first statement of this audio clip?

• Under Lord Hastings a new policy of “paramountcy” was initiated.

• Now the Company claimed that its authority was paramount or supreme, hence its power was greater than that of Indian states.

• In order to protect its interests it was justified in annexing or threatening to annex any Indian kingdom.

• This view continued to guide later British policies as well.

What was the objective behind the Company’s new policy of ‘paramountcy’? What is the second statement of this audio clip?

• Under Lord Hastings a new policy of “paramountcy” was initiated.

• Now the Company claimed that its authority was paramount or supreme, hence its power was greater than that of Indian states.

• In order to protect its interests it was justified in annexing or threatening to annex any Indian kingdom.

• This view continued to guide later British policies as well.

What was the objective behind the Company’s new policy of ‘paramountcy’? What is the third statement of this audio clip?

• Under Lord Hastings a new policy of “paramountcy” was initiated.

• Now the Company claimed that its authority was paramount or supreme, hence its power was greater than that of Indian states.

• In order to protect its interests it was justified in annexing or threatening to annex any Indian kingdom.

• This view continued to guide later British policies as well.

What was the objective behind the Company’s new policy of ‘paramountcy’? What is the fourth statement of this audio clip?

• Under Lord Hastings a new policy of “paramountcy” was initiated.

• Now the Company claimed that its authority was paramount or supreme, hence its power was greater than that of Indian states.

• In order to protect its interests it was justified in annexing or threatening to annex any Indian kingdom.

• This view continued to guide later British policies as well.

Write a short note on Warren Hastings. What is the first statement of this audio clip?

• Warren Hastings (Governor-General from 1773 to 1785) was one of the many important figures who played a significant role in the expansion of Company power.

• By his time the Company had acquired power not only in Bengal, but also in Bombay and Madras.

• Warren Hastings, the first Governor-General, introduced several administrative reforms, notably in the sphere of justice

Write a short note on Warren Hastings. What is the second statement of this audio clip?

• Warren Hastings (Governor-General from 1773 to 1785) was one of the many important figures who played a significant role in the expansion of Company power.

• By his time the Company had acquired power not only in Bengal, but also in Bombay and Madras.

• Warren Hastings, the first Governor-General, introduced several administrative reforms, notably in the sphere of justice

Write a short note on Warren Hastings. What is the third statement of this audio clip?

• Warren Hastings (Governor-General from 1773 to 1785) was one of the many important figures who played a significant role in the expansion of Company power.

• By his time the Company had acquired power not only in Bengal, but also in Bombay and Madras.

• Warren Hastings, the first Governor-General, introduced several administrative reforms, notably in the sphere of justice

Explain Doctrine of Lapse. What is the first statement of this audio clip?

• Lord Dalhousie who was the Governor-General devised a policy that came to be known as the Doctrine of Lapse.

• The doctrine declared that if an Indian ruler died without a male heir his kingdom would “lapse”, that is, become part of Company territory.

• One kingdom after another was annexed simply by applying this doctrine: Satara (1848), Sambalpur (1850), Udaipur (1852), Nagpur (1853) and Jhansi (1854).

Give an account of different European trading companies besides the British East India Company that entered the Eastern markets. What is the first statement of this audio clip?

• By the time the first English ships sailed down the west coast of Africa, round the Cape of Good Hope, and crossed the Indian Ocean, the Portuguese had already established their presence in the western coast of India, and had their base in Goa.

• In fact, it was Vascoda Gama, a Portuguese explorer,

• who had discovered this sea route to India in 1498. By the early seventeenth century, the Dutch too were exploring the possibilities of trade in the Indian Ocean. Soon the French traders arrived on the scene.

Give an account of different European trading companies besides the British East India Company that entered the Eastern markets. What is the second statement of this audio clip?

• By the time the first English ships sailed down the west coast of Africa, round the Cape of Good Hope, and crossed the Indian Ocean, the Portuguese had already established their presence in the western coast of India, and had their base in Goa.

• In fact, it was Vascoda Gama, a Portuguese explorer,

• who had discovered this sea route to India in 1498. By the early seventeenth century, the Dutch too were exploring the possibilities of trade in the Indian Ocean. Soon the French traders arrived on the scene.