5.4 Foundations of Quantum Theory

Select all that apply. A blackbody

• absorbs radiation

• emits radiation

• reflects radiation

• generates radiation

If we were to observe a blackbody, we would see

• blackness

• a glow

• a spark

• a shimmer

Why do traditional Newtonian mechanics fail to explain blackbody radiation? Newtonian mechanics concluded that

• blackbodies don't exist

• blackbodies don't emanate radiation

• blackbodies emanate an infinite amount of radiation (violates conservation of energy)

• the universe will explode

Select all that apply. Max Planck was revolutionized the way we think about electromagnetic waves by suggesting that

• energy transmits in a continuous manner

• energy is transmitted in a discrete manner

• energy is transmitted in small packages or bundles, called quanta

• energy is not free to vibrate at any random energy

Quantum mechanics says that

• an electron can always be found at a specific location

• an electron can never be found

• electrons don't exist

• we can guess where an electron may be based on probability

The photoelectric effect says

• when a material is irradiated with light, the material can eject an electron

• when a material is irradiated with electrons, the material can eject light

• when a material is irradiated with protons, the material can eject an electron

• when a material is irradiated with light, the material can eject a proton

In the photoelectric effect, an electron is only emitted if

• both the frequency and intensity of the incoming light are high enough

• both the frequency and intensity of the incoming light are low enough

• the frequency of the incoming light is high enough

• the intensity of the incoming light is high enough

When somebody says that energy is quantized, they mean that

• energy can be subdivided as much as you want into infinitely small parts

• energy cannot be divided at all; it is one big thing that is everywhere

• energy can be divided into quanta, which are the smallest units of energy that cannot be subdivided further

• energy can be divided into joules, which are the smallest units of energy that cannot be subdivided further

Einstein proposed that light is made of

• quanta, which we call photons

• quanta, which we call electrons

• waves, which we call quanta

• particles, which we call blackbody

The Compton effect describes

• a photon striking an atom, which causes the release of a proton and electron at different angles

• a photon striking an atom, which causes the release of an electron and a photon at different angles

• a photon striking an atom, which causes the release of an electron and a photon in the same direction

• a photon striking an atom, which causes the release of an electron and a proton in the same direction