Lower GI bleeding

What defines a lower GI bleed?

• Distal to the Ligament of Treitz

• Distal to the ileocaecal valve

• Distal to the transverse colon

• Distal to the ligamentum Teres

In haemorrhage due to diverticular disease, what proportion of patients stop bleeding spontaneously and don't require any intervention?

• 30%

• 50%

• 60%

• 80%

In a patient presenting with bright red PR bleeding, what are the possible sources? (Choose all that apply)

• Upper GI bleed

• Epistaxis

• Haemopytsis

• Lower GI bleed

Who can activate the Massive Transfusion Protocol in the Bunbury ED?

• Nurse

• Intern

• RMO

• Senior clinician

What are the essential criteria for activation of the Massive Transfusion Protocol? (Choose all that apply)

• Haemodynamically unstable

• Need for 4 or more units of RBC in <4 hours

• Anticipated need for 4 or more units of RBC in <4 hours

• Anticipated ongoing bleeding

What initial blood products do you request as part of the Massive Transfusion Protocol?

• 4 units RBC, 4 units FFP

• 2 units RBC, 1 unit FFP

• 4 units RBC, 2 units FFP, 1 unit platelets

• 4 units RBC, 2 unit FFP

What ion needs to be closely monitored with the Massive Transfusion Protocol?

• Na

• K

• Ca

• Mg