Kinetic Theory of Matter

Solids and liquids are difficult to compress, but gases are easy to compress. This is because gas molecules, compared to solid and liquid molecules ......

• are moving very rapidly

• are arranged in a random order in space

• are spaced far apart

• are very numerous

How does the motion of liquid molecules differ from that of gas molecules?

• liquid molecules vibrate about fixed positions but gas molecules vibrate randomly

• liquid molecules vibrate about their fixed positions but gas molecules vibrate energetically

• liquid molecules rotate and vibrate randomly but gas molecules vibrate randomly and energetically

• liquid molecules move randomly but gas molecules move randomly at high speeds

A fixed mass of gas is heated while being kept at constant volume. How do the properties of the gas change?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Which one of the following statements about the motion of copper atoms is correct?

• They move freely at great speeds.

• They vibrate about their respective mean positions.

• They are in constant random translational motion.

• They are constantly rotating around each other.

A gas has no definite shape because .....

• the forces between gas molecules are negligible.

• gas molecules collide among themselves.

• gas molecules are constantly in motion.

• the separation between gas molecules are negligible.

A liquid is able to flow because .....

• there are spaces between liquid molecules.

• liquid molecules travel at high speeds.

• liquid molecules can move among one another throughout the liquid.

• liquid molecules repel one another.

When heated, a substance in the liquid state expands more than when it is in the solid state because .....

• liquid molecules are bigger

• liquid molecules expand faster

• the forces between liquid molecules are weaker

• liquid molecules move faster than solid molecules

In which state of matter are the forces between molecules the strongest, and the speed of the molecules the greatest, respectively?

• solid, solid

• solid, gas

• liquid, solid

• liquid, gas

Which of the following comparison between molecules in water and molecules in steam is correct?

• Water molecules are bigger

• Water molecules are heavier

• Water molecules are further apart.

• Greater forces between water molecules.

Between ice, water and steam, which has a definite shape?

• Ice

• Water

• Steam