B1 Vstep Reading: từ vựng, tham chiếu #2

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica (Nam cực) is that a huge freshwater lake, one of the world’s largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice.

• undrinkable

• untouched

• unexploitable (chưa đc khai thác)

• undiscovered

The thick glacier (sông băng) above Lake Vostok actually insulates (cô lập) it from the frigid temperatures on the surface (bề mặt).

• Extremely cold

• Easily broken

• Quite harsh

• Lukewarm

The discovery of such a huge freshwater lake trapped under Antarcticais of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas.

• Pieces of dust

• Tiny bubbles

• Tiny organisms

• Rays of light

The downside of the discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination.

• bottom level

• negative aspect

• underside

• buried section

Children who are hyperactive may benefit from eliminating food additives, especially colorings, and foods high in salicylate from their diets. A few of these are

almonds, green peppers, peaches, tea, grapes.

• food additives

• food colorings

• innutritious foods

• foods high in silicates

The most common food allergies (dị ứng) are to milk, eggs, seafood, wheat, nuts, seeds, chocolate, oranges, and tomatoes. Many of these will not develop if these foods are not fed to an infant (trẻ sơ sinh) until her or his intestines (ruột) mature at around seven months.

• allergies

• eggs

• seeds

• infants

Migraines (bệnh đau nửa đầu) can be set off by foods containing tyramine, phenathylamine, monosodium glutamate, or sodium nitrate. Common foods which contain these are chocolate, aged cheeses, sour cream, red wine, pickled herring, chicken livers, avocados, ripe bananas, cured meats, many Oriental and prepared foods

• relieved (làm giảm)

• identified

• avoided

• triggered (kích thích)

Until recently, hunting for treasure from shipwrecks was mostly fantasy; with recent technological advances, however, the search for sunken treasure has become more popular as a legitimate endeavor.

• broken

• underwater

• ancient

• hollow

They say that even if a shipwreck's treasure does not have a high monetary (tiền) value, it can be an invaluable source of historic artifacts that are preserved in nearly mint condition. But once a salvage team (đội cứu tàu) has scoured (lau dọn) a site, much of the archaeological (khảo cổ học) value is lost.

• something perfect

• something significant

• something tolerant

• something magical