Civics and Citizenship Year 8

In criminal law, what does ‘the state’ refer to?

• A person’s condition

• The situation that your mind is in

• A system of government represented by the parliament, the judiciary and the police

• The legal rules that act as guidelines for our behaviour

From the options below, select three examples of civil law matters.

• Trespass

• Manslaughter

• Nuisance

• Burglary

• Defamation

In civil law, when a civil wrong has been proven in court, the wronged party will usually seek damages as compensation.

​In such a case, what has the defendant been found to be?

• Liable

• Guilty

• Not Guilty

• Prosecuted

What is the correct order of courts in Australia, from lowest to highest,

• Magistrates, District, Supreme, High

• District, Magistrate, High, Supreme

• High, Supreme, District, Magistrate

• District, Magistrates, Supreme, High

What is the burden of proof?

• The legal principle describing who has to prove a case in court

• The principle that all accused people who appear before a court are presumed to be innocent until the prosecution proves that they are guilty

• The standard of proof required for the prosecution to prove that the accused is guilty

• The legal principle that all citizens are subject to the law, and equal before the law

​Which of the following characteristics is a feature of customary laws?

• They have been written down.

• They have passed a test of authenticity.

• They are never spoken about.

• They have not been written down.

What is a statutory law?

• A law made and passed by parliament.

• A law created when a judge has to make a ruling

• A law created in the Senate

• A law created by the House of Reps

There are many different areas of law in Australia, including criminal law and civil law.

​Explain the difference between criminal law and civil law.

What is a common law?

• When a law is created when a judge has to make a ruling about a case

• Laws that are made and passed by parliament

• Laws that are created in the house of reps

• Laws that are created in the Senate

What is precedent?

• the legal term for verbally damaging someone’s reputation

• the party that initiates or commences a civil action against another party

• a previous case or example that is used as a guide for making a decision when similar circumstances arise

• a person who is among the first to explore or settle a new country or area