APUSH Period 1 Vocabulary

Spanish soldiers who were central to the conquest of the civilizations of the Americas. Once conquest was complete, they often extracted wealth from the people they came to rule.

• Proprietor

• Conquistadores

• Encomienda System

• Chinook

Companies in which large numbers of investors own stock. They were able to quickly raise large amounts of risk and reward equally among investors.

• Virginia Company

• Joint-Stock Companies

• Mission System

• Mestizos

The brutal voyage of slave ships laden with human cargo from Africa to the Americas.

• Mission System

• Encomienda System

• Middle Passage

• Columbian Exchange

Large and powerful confederation of Algonquin-speaking American Indians in Virginia

• Powhatan

• Chinook

• Iroquois

• Pueblo

The biological exchange between the Americas and the rest of the world between 1492 and the 16th century. Initial impact was strongest between the Americas and Europe.

• Spanish Armada

• Mission System

• Columbian Exchange

• Pope's Rebellion

American Indian peoples who lived in present-day New Mexico and Arizona and built permanent multi-story adobe dwellings.

• Chinook

• Pueblo

• Algonquian

• Powhatan

North American Indians who lived in present-day Washington and Oregon; built extensive plank houses, lived in extended kinship groups; known for extensive trade networks

• Pueblo

• Chinook

• Powhatan

• Iroquois

Semiarid territory in central North America

• Great Basin

• Great Plains

• Atlantic seaboard

• Triangle Trade Route

A group of allied American Indian nations that included the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca.

• Algonquian

• Iroquois

• Pueblo

• Chinook

System by which Spanish leaders in the Americas received land and the labor of all America Indians residing on it. For American Indians, this system amounted to enslavement.

• Mission System

• Encomienda System

• Columbian Exchange

• Pope's Rebellion