Ch. 4 "Structure of the Atom"

The law of conservation of mass means

• Mass will be destroyed in a chemical reaction (compound has less mass than elements it was formed from).

• Mass will be created in a chemical reaction (compound has more mass than elements it was formed from).

• Mass is neither created nor destroyed (compound has the same mass as the elements it was formed from).

• The mass of a compound will vary according to the conditions it was formed under.

The scientist who began the development of our modern atomic theory was

• Isaac Newton

• Robert Boyle

• Ernest Rutherford

• John Dalton

Which of the following are statements from Dalton's Atomic Theory? Check all that apply.

• Atoms of one element are different from atoms of another element.

• Atoms cannot be created, divided into smaller particles or destroyed.

• Different atoms combine in whole-number ratios to form compounds.

• In a chemical reaction, atoms are separated, combined, or rearranged.

Which of the following were problems with Dalton's atomic theory? Check all that apply.

• Atoms are indivisible.

• Chemical reactions separate, combine, or rearrange atoms.

• All atoms of the same element are the same.

• All matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.

Today's modern atomic theory

• is the same as Dalton's atomic theory

• is completely different from Dalton's atomic theory

• is a modified version of Dalton's atomic theory

The cathode ray experiment led to the discovery of which atomic particle?

• electron

• neutron

• nucleus

• proton

The charge to mass ratio that determined that the mass of the electron was very small (smaller than the lightest atom known) was conducted by

• James Chadwick

• John Dalton

• Ernest Rutherford

• JJ Thomson

When the cathode rays of charged particles were deflected, it demonstrated that electrons have

• charge

• mass

• matter

• waves

Which scientist's experiments discovered the nucleus of the atom?

• John Dalton

• James Chadwick

• JJ Thomson

• Ernest Rutherford

Rutherford's experiments sent alpha particles through gold foil and found which aspect of the atom?

• neutron

• nucleus

• proton

• electron