FINAL EXAM G10-11 2025

What is the primary cause of day and night on Earth?

• The Earth's revolution around the Sun.

• The Earth's rotation on its axis.

• The Moon's orbit around the Earth.

• The tilt of the Earth's axis.

The seasons on Earth are primarily caused by:

• The Earth's distance from the Sun changing throughout the year.

• The Earth's rotation on its axis and the Moon's gravitational pull.

• The tilt of the Earth's axis (23.5°) and its revolution around the Sun.

• The varying speed of the Earth's orbit around the Sun.

During which phase of the Moon is the Moon positioned between the Earth and the Sun?

• Full Moon

• First Quarter

• New Moon

• Last Quarter

Why do we always see the same side of the Moon from Earth?

• The Moon does not rotate on its axis.

• The Earth's gravity locks one side of the Moon facing us.

• The Moon rotates on its axis at the same rate that it revolves around the Earth.

• The far side of the Moon is always dark.

Around which dates do the equinoxes, when day and night are of equal length, typically occur?

• June 21 and December 21

• March 20 and September 23

• January 1 and July 1

• May 5 and November 10

What are the two main elements that make up the Sun?

• Oxygen and Carbon

• Hydrogen and Helium

• Iron and Nickel

• Nitrogen and Oxygen

How does the Sun produce its energy?

• Chemical combustion of gases.

• Nuclear fission of heavy elements.

• Gravitational collapse.

• Nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium.

Which characteristic of a star primarily determines its color and surface temperature?

• Its age

• Its distance from Earth

• Its mass

• Its rotational speed

What is a light-year a unit of?

• Time

• Speed

• Distance

• Brightness

What is the name of the galaxy to which our Solar System belongs?

• Andromeda

• Triangulum

• Whirlpool

• Milky Way