Pascal's Principle

The diagram shows a brake system of a car. Which principle is used in this system?

• Pascal’s principle

• Bernoulli’s principle

• Archimedes’ principle

• Principle of conservation of momentum

Diagram 8 shows a hydraulic brake system. A driver steps on the brake pedal.

Which relationship is correct?

• Pressure on P < Pressure on Q

• Pressure on P = Pressure on Q

• Pressure on P > Pressure on Q

The diagram shows a hydraulic pump. Which comparison is true?

• The force, F is the same as the weight of the load

• The force, F is greater than the weight of the load

• The pressure on piston P is the same as the pressure on piston Q

• The pressure on piston P is smaller than the pressure on piston Q

Diagram 8 shows a simple hydraulic system in equilibrium. A₁, A₂ and A₃ are the areas of the piston. F₁, F₂ and F₃ are the forces which act on the piston.

• Pressure at A1 = Pressure at A2 = Pressure at A3

• Pressure at A1 < Pressure at A2 < Pressure at A3

• Pressure at A1 > Pressure at A2 > Pressure at A3

• Pressure at A1 > Pressure at A2 = Pressure at A3

Diagram 12 shows force, F, acting on a piston P in a hydraulic system. Which modification can increase the force acting on piston Q?

• Increase the diameter of the tube

• Decrease the diameter of the tube

• Increase the surface area of piston Q

• Decrease the surface area of piston Q

Diagram 10 shows a hydraulic jack. Which modification on piston P will increase the pressure in piston Q?

• Decrease the height, h

• Decrease the volume of oil

• Decrease the cross sectional area

• Decrease the thickness of the wall

Diagram 11 shows two syringes of different sizes uded to study the Pascal principle. The force applied on the small syringe is 5 N and cross-section area is 5.0 x 10^-4 m². The force produced on the large syringe is 20 N.

What is the cross section area of the large syringe?

• 1.25 x 10^-2 m²

• 2.00 x 10^-3 m²

• 7.50 x 10^-3 m²

• 1.25 x 10^-4 m²

Diagram 13 shows a hydraulic jack being used to lift a car. Which modification needs to be made to lift a heavier car?

• Increase the surface area of A₁

• Decrease the surface area A₂

• Increase the surface area of A₂

• Decrease the surface area of A₁ and A₂