Unit 1 AP Psychology

Having the patient be self-reflective (looking inward), and training them to report elements of their experience.  

• structuralism
• introspection
• functionalism
• psychometrics

Who was the American philosopher who authored a textbook in 1890 for the emerging discipline of psychology?  

• Wilhelm Wundt
•  John B. Watson
• Sigmund Freud
• William James

Which of the following is used to reduce the effects of confounding variables in experiments?

• Descriptive statistics

• Inferential statistics

• Meta-analysis

• An algorithm

• Random assignment

Leadership, job satisfaction, and employee motivation are all studied in which of the following psychological disciplines?

• Human factors psychology

• Industrial-organizational psychology

• Community psychology

• Counseling psychology

• Experimental psychology

Which of the following is the strongest correlation?

• –.90

• –.23

• .40

• .67

• .72

Which of the following is a strength of naturalistic observation?

• It makes data collection easy, which saves time and money.

• It allows researchers to draw conclusions about cause and effect.

• It produces data that are easily quantified for statistical analysis.

• It allows researchers to easily control many variables at once.

• It minimizes artificiality, which can be a problem in laboratory studies.

In an experiment, which of the following variables refers to the outcome that is measured by the experimenter?

• Independent

• Dependent

• Control

• Random

• Stimulus

Research participants are randomly assigned to one of three groups. One group listens to a list of words, another group reads a list of words printed on paper, and the remaining group hears and reads the words. The researcher then tests the participants’ memories to see how many words the members of each group can recall. The modality in which the words are presented (i.e., auditory, visual, or both) is which type of variable?

• Confounding

• Dependent

• Independent

• Extraneous

• Control

Although Paul seems bright and capable to his parents and friends, he has been failing in school. Paul agrees to speak with a psychologist, who suggests that his problems stem from internal processes such as unrealistic expectations and negative thinking. The psychologist’s view is typical of which of the following models of behavior?

• Psychoanalytic

• Humanistic

• Cognitive

• Sociobiological

• Behavioral

All of the following are American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for researchers EXCEPT:

• Research may not involve deception.

• Participation must be voluntary.

• Participants must be informed of potential risks.

• Participants must be offered alternative activities if research participation is a course requirement.

• Participants’ right to privacy must be protected.