AP Euro Unit 1

Among the consequences of European involvement in the African slave trade was

• a decrease in anti-Semitism
• the development of new racist ideas
• greater respect for the idea that all men are equal before god
• the association of blackness with vigor and strength

Until the beginning of the sixteenth century, criticism of the Catholic Church was focused primarily on

• relics and transubstantiation
• the refusal of the church to allow divorce
• immorality and ignorance among the clergy
• the church's refusal to allow priests to marry

Henry VIII broke from the Catholic Church because of 

• his serious doubts about Catholic theology
• his concerns about succession
• his desire to protect Protestants in England
• his political conflicts with Spain

The Council of Trent

• affirmed Catholic theology
• offered reconciliation with the Protestants
• separated the papacy from its role as temporal ruler
• allowed couples to exchange marriage vows without witnesses

The importance of massive amounts of gold and silver into Spain ultimately damaged Spain by

• dividing Spain from Portugal
• personally corrupting the monarchs such as Phillip II
• fostering inflation, which increased the royal debt
• allowing Spain to engage in war after war

The Renaissance was able to begin in Italy primarily because of

• the dominance of the Catholic Church in Italy
• strong alliances between Italian city-states
• Italy's strong sense of nationalism
• wealth created from Italy's extensive trade network

An educated woman during the Renaissance 

• was allowed to teach a number of courses at local universities
• was expected to bring honor and order to her husband and household
• was no better educated than an educated woman from the medieval era
• had to publish any writings under the name of a man

In which region were there no significant popular revolts in the seventeenth century?

• France
• Spain
• England
• Holland

Which attitude toward religion did Louis XIV adopt from Spain?

• Uniformity and conformity
• Widespread use of the Inquisition
• Toleration for Lutherans but not Calvinists
• Toleration for all religions

Spain's economic troubles in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries came about primarily when

• it lost control of the slave trade to the French
• the colonies in the New World revolted
• the gold and silver mines in the Americas began to run dry
• the Dutch began to raid Spain's northern coasts