2008PSY - Week 4

How do we think when we use system 2 of the dual-systems model of thinking?

• We think in a manner that is slow, deliberative, and conscious

• We think in a manner that is rapid, automatic, and unconscious

Because Ron enjoys reading non-fiction books, listening to Mozart, and can speak both french and English, you assume he'd more likely be a French diplomat than a cashier. What type of heuristic is this an example of?

• Availability heuristic

• Representative heuristic

• Illusory correlation

• False consensus effect

Humans are essentially naive scientists.

• True

• False

Which one of these is an example of an illusory correlation?

• Sofia prefers pesto pasta over spaghetti bolognese, so she assumes other people would also prefer pesto pasta.

• Olivia is more scared of being killed by a clown than she is of being killed by a heart attack.

• Dennis covers his head with his economic's textbook as it begins to rain. Dennis realises that the last time few times he's had economics, it was also raining. Despite it being rain season, Dennis can't help but feel having economics and raining is connected.

• Vanessa notices a man holding the New York Times and a coffee, and is in a smart business suit. She theorises he would more likely be on his way to his job on Wall Street, than be a receptionist.

Ryan, the CO, yelled at Hassan this morning. Ryan often yells at not only Hassan but other coworkers as well. He usually yells at people for being several minutes late, not handing in files several days early, or not staying after work for at least another hour. No one else in command has yelled at Hassan before. As an observer, would you make an internal or external attribution for Ryan's actions?

• Internal, because of high consistency, high distinctiveness and high consensus.

• Internal, because of high consistency, low distinctiveness, and low consensus.

• External, because of high consistency, high distinctiveness and high consensus.

• External, because of low consistency, low distinctiveness and low consensus.

If Ayesha believed the reason she performed well on her exam was because like usual, she studied very hard. Would she be likely to study again in the future?

• No, because she made an external, unstable and controllable attribution.

• No, because she made an internal, stable and controllable attribution.

• Yes, because she made an internal, unstable and uncontrollable attribution.

• Yes, because she made an internal, stable and controllable attribution.

If Laila were to make an internal, unstable and uncontrollable attribution about her grade on the assignment. What might she say?

• For once, I spent a lot of time researching.

• Like usual, I couldn't have done it without the help of my friend proof-reading it.

• I'm not exactly sure why, but I felt motivated and calm while writing the assignment.

• I was lucky.

Andrew was late to work this morning. If he were to use the self-protecting bias, what might he say? (tick all that apply)

• The traffic was really bad

• I should have woken up earlier

• Unbelievable amount of red lights today

• Next time, I better prep my lunch the night before

As Cecilia passed someone, she smiled. The other person looked straight past her and looked quite upset. If Cecilia thought, "yikes, what a rude person." What kind of error could she be making?

• Self-protecting bias

• Fundamental attribution error

• Self-enhancing bias

People from collectivist cultures are more likely than those of individualist cultures to fall for the fundamental attribution error.

• True

• False