Matter, Temperature and Pressure Review

Within a substance, atoms that move freely and independently of one another are most likely in a

• Liquid

• Solid

• Gas

• Crystal

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Solids have a definite shape and volume. This is because

• The molecules in solids move past each other easily.

• The molecules in solids stay in a definite location and vibrate.

• The molecules in solids move freely in all directions.

• The molecules in solids do not move at all.

When observing a very small piece of dust in a liquid under a microscope, the dust appears to jiggle slightly. The movement results from the dust interacting with the molecules in the liquid. What property of the molecules in the liquid causes this effect?

• The molecules frequently change shape.

• The molecules transfer an electric charge to the dust particles.

• The molecules are always in random motion.

• The molecules briefly form chemical bonds with nearby objects.

Two boxes, A and B, both contain the same number of nitrogen gas molecules. The gas molecules in box A have twice the average speed of the molecules in box B. Which of the following best describes the nitrogen gas in box A?

• The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater specific gravity than the nitrogen gas in box B.

• The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater temperature than the nitrogen gas in box B.

• The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater density than the nitrogen gas in box B.

• The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater mass than the nitrogen gas in box B.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

Which of the following describes the motion of the particles when there is an increase in temperature?

• The particles move faster and collide more often.

• The particles slow down and collide more often.

• The particles slow down and collide less frequently.

• The particles move faster and collide less frequently.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

A balloon is inflated with room-temperature air and then put in a sunny place. The balloon expands slightly due to a rise in temperature. Which of the following best describes the molecules of air inside the balloon when the balloon is left in the sunlight as compared to when it was first inflated?

• The molecules stop colliding with the walls of the balloon.

• There are fewer interactions between the molecules.

• There are more molecules in the balloon.

• The molecules are moving faster.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A sample of helium gas is in a sealed, rigid container. What occurs as the temperature of the sample is increased?

• The frequency of collisions between atoms increases.

• The volume of each atom decreases.

• The number of moles of gas increases.

• The mass of the sample decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which of the following occurs when a container of gas is cooled?

• The particles slow down and collide more frequently.

• The particles slow down and collide less frequently.

• The particles move faster and collide more frequently.

• The particles move faster and collide less frequently.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A balloon was tied to a mailbox outside in the sun. When brought inside, the balloon became slightly smaller. Which of the following best describes why this occurred?

• The particles in the balloon slowed down, so they collided with the balloon more frequently.

• The particles in the balloon slowed down, so they collided with the balloon less frequently.

• The particles in the balloon sped up, so they collided with the balloon more frequently.

• The particles in the balloon sped up, so they collided with the balloon less frequently.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which of the following occurs when a container of gas is heated?

• The pressure inside the container changes the composition of the gas.

• The pressure inside the container stays the same.

• The pressure in the container decreases.

• The pressure in the container increases.