Factors that affect climate

As you go to the top of a mountain, what happens to temperature?

• Nothing
• It increases
• It decreases
• It goes up and down

The sun’s rays are least direct __________.

• near the poles.      
• in July.
• near the equator.
• far from the ocean.

Large bodies of water affect climate of the land next to them because

• water heats up and cools more slowly than land
• water heats up and cools faster than land
• water and land cool at the same time
• water and land heat at the same rate

As altitude _____________ temperature ___________. 

• decreases, decreases
• increases, increases
• increases, decreases
• decreases, increases

The _______ of  a mountain range is the side that receives a lot of precipitation.

• dry side
• leeward/dry side
• windward/wet side
• cloudy side

What causes the cycle of seasons on Earth?

• the tilt of Earth’s axis

• the shape of Earth’s orbit

• the direction of Earth’s orbit

• the distance between Earth and the Sun

The diagram shows a weather process that occurs when a large body of water is located near a mountainous area.

This process causes the area on the side of the mountain opposite the body of water to have

• a wet climate.

• a cold climate.

• an icy climate.

• a dry climate.

A city along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean experiences a seasonal high of 76°F in the summer. The city experiences a seasonal low of 23°F in the winter.

Another city is 60 miles inland and at the same latitude and elevation. This city will probably experience _______ summer highs and _______ winter lows.

• cooler; warmer

• warmer; cooler

• warmer; warmer

• cooler; cooler

The Sierra Nevada mountain range is located primarily in California. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean travels up the western side of the mountain range, causing precipitation, and drying out as it reaches the top of the mountains.

As the dry air comes down the eastern side of the mountain range, it causes a rain shadow. The Great Basin region of Nevada is located in this rain shadow. How does this affect the climate of the Great Basin region of Nevada?

• The rain shadow effect causes the Great Basin region to have very cold winters.

• The rain shadow effect causes frequent flooding in the Great Basin region.

• The rain shadow effect causes frequent tornadoes in the Great Basin region.

• The rain shadow effect causes the Great Basin region to have a very dry climate.

Using the picture which city would be the hottest due to latitude?

• Madrid Spain

• Istanbul Turkey

• Cape Town South Africa

• Kigali Rwanda