Unit 1 Exam Review_ AP Biology

The pesticide DDT was used extensively in the past to reduce the numbers of malaria-carrying mosquitoes. At first, application of DDT killed almost all the mosquitoes in treated populations. Over years, however, DDT-resistant populations (ones where most mosquitoes were not killed by normal doses of DDT) began to emerge. Which of the following best explains how DDT resistance emerged in the mosquitoes?

• The individual mosquitos in the starting populations sensed the environmental threat and mutated genes that made them insensitive to DDT
• Populations with DDT resistance are better-adapted for any environment than populations without DDT resistance, so they would have evolved sooner or later (regardless of whether DDT was applied)
• When DDT was applied, rare individuals with DDT resistance mutations were more likely to survive and leave offspring, eventually leading to populations composed largely of resistant mosquitoes
• The mosquitoes must all have been DDT-resistant to begin with, because there is no genetic variation in natural populations of mosquitoes

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Structures that are inherited from a common ancestor are homologous.

• True
• False

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measure of an organisms's ability to survive and produce offspring relative to other members of a population 

• Natural Selection
• Adaptation
• Fitness
• Variation

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A population of 150 individuals has an allele frequency of 0.3 for the dominant allele (B) and a frequency of 0.7 for the recessive allele (b). Use the Hardy-Weinberg equation to determine the frequency of the genotype (bb).

• 0.09
• 0.42
• 0.49
• 0.21

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Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...

• random chance

• natural selection

• non-random mating (sexual selection)

• artificial selection

What type of evidence is shown in the image above?

• Fossils

• Vestigial structures

• Homologous Structures

• DNA

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Tiktaalik is an important ____________________because it shows how fish evolved into tetrapods.

• theory

• funny name

• transition fossil

• omnivore

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The Hardy-Weinberg Model is...

• available at local hobby stores and retailers throughout the Greater Tazewell area.
• a mathematical tool that biologists can use to predict allele frequencies and determine whether or not evolution is occurring within a population.
• always occurring within individual organisms in nature.
• only useful in the lab and cannot be practically applied to real-world populations of organisms.  

The allele frequency of p=.20 What is the percentage of Heterozygous Dominant genotype?

• .80

• .04

• .32

• .64

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Light-colored oysters would blend into the rocks in the shallows, and the darkest would blend better into the shadows. The ones in the intermediate range make them easier prey.

• directional selection

• stabilizing selection

• disruptive selection

• artificial selection

• sexual selection

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