PODA 3 Exam 1

Which of the following antibiotics is NOT matched with its correct source?

• Thienamycin ( Streptomyces cattleya )

• Penicillin G ( Penicillium crysogenum )

• Cefoxitin ( Cephalosporium acremonium )

• Aztreonam ( Chromobacterium violaceum )

• Bacitracin ( Bacillus subtilis )

Answer explanation

Thienamycin (Streptomyces cattleya )

Penicillin G (Penicillium crysogenum )

Cefoxitin (Streptomyces lactamdurans)

Aztreonam (Chromobacterium violaceum )

Bacitracin (Bacillus subtilis )

A Pharmacist should question a prescription that calls for the per os administration of which of the following?

• Nafcillin

• Dicloxacillin

• Geocillin

• Azlocillin

• Amoxicillin

Answer explanation

OS abbreviation is by mouth

Nafcillin- IM, IV, PO

Dicloxacillin- PO

Geocillin- PO

Azlocillin- IV only

Amoxicillin- PO only

Which of the following has the highest plasma protein-binding capability?

• Oxacillin

• Penicillin G

• Methicillin

• Ampicillin

• Piperacillin

Answer explanation

Oxacillin- 90%

Penicillin G- 65%

Methicillin- less than oxacillin

Ampicillin- 20%

Piperacillin- ~16%

Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be inactivated by beta-lactamase I ?

• Penicillin VK

• Mezlocillin

• Amoxicillin

• Ticarcillin

• Cloxacillin

Answer explanation

beta-lactamase I = penicillinase

Penicillinase resistant penicillin (PRP)

PRPs: Nafcillin, Methicillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin, Cloxacillin

Which of the following is BEST classified as a Monobactam?

• Biapenem

• Panipenem

• Meropenem

• Doripenem

• Tigemonam

Answer explanation

Biapenem- carbapenem (investigational)

Panipenem- carbapenem (investigational)

Meropenem- carbapenem

Doripenem- carbapenem

Tigemonam- monobactam

Carumonam- monobactam

Aztreonam- monobactam

Which of the following should a Pharmacist suggest for the treatment of cellulitis caused by MRSA?

• Doribax

• Teflaro

• Veetids

• Invanz

• Primaxin

Answer explanation

Cellulitis Antibiotics:

Ceftaroline (Teflaro)

Ceftobiprole (Zeftera)

Cefditoren (Spectracef)

All of the following properties are common to the Vancomycin-like peptide antibacterials EXCEPT:

• Long t_1/2

• IV administration

• Production of hemolytic episodes

• Effectiveness against VRE

• Concentration-dependent bactericidal effect

Answer explanation

Telavancin is not indicated to treat endocarditis

Which of the following LEAST LIKELY to be observed as an adverse effect of Daptomycin?

• Eosinophilic pneumonia

• Hyperphosphatemia

• Hypophosphatemia

• Hyperkalemia

• Hypokalemia

Answer explanation

Daptomycin Adverse Effects:

Myopathy

Increase creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) Eosinophilic pneumonia

Electrolyte imbalance: Hypokalemia, Hyperkalemia, Hyperphosphatemia

Which of the following produces its antibacterial effect by inhibiting the dephosphorylation of the bacterial membrane-associated carrier?

• Teichoplanin

• Bacitracin

• Cycloserine

• Fosfomycin

• Cefotaxime

Answer explanation

Teichoplanin- Inhibits polymerization inhibiting cleavage (same as vanco

Bacitracin- inhibits dephosphorylation of bactoprenol (Lipid II)

Cycloserine- inhibits d-alanyl-d-alanine transferase

Fosfomycin- inhibits pyruvate transferase

Cefotaxime- Binds to PBP-1,3 inhibiting transpeptidase and inhibiting peptidoglycan cross-linking

Which of the following inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to LIPID III?

• Oritavancin

• Cycloserine

• Carumonam

• Teixobactin

• Cefadroxil

Answer explanation

Oritavancin- Binds to D-ala-D-ala terminus of NAM in peptidoglycan

Cycloserine- Inhibits D-alanyl-D-alanine synthase

Carumonam- binds to PBP-3

Teixobactin- Binds Lipid II and Lipid III

Lipoteichoic acid- Binds peptidoglycan to inside of cell membrane

Cefadroxil- binds to PBP-3