Ecosystems: Biodiversity

Which of the following is a FALSE statement about ecosystems?

¿Cuál de las siguientes es una afirmación FALSA sobre los ecosistemas?

• Ecosystems rarely change in nature. Ecosystems only change in response to human disruptions.

• Ecosystems naturally change in response to a physical disturbance, such as after a forest fire.

• Ecosystems naturally change when the populations of organisms in the ecosystem change, such as after a new species of bird migrates to an island.

• Ecosystems naturally change when species modify the ecosystem, such as when beavers build dams.

Which process occurs in an ecosystem after a lava flow has completely covered the surface of an area of land?

¿Qué proceso ocurre en un ecosistema después de que un flujo de lava ha cubierto completamente la superficie de un área de tierra?

• Primary succession.

• Cyclic succession.

• Secondary succession.

• Edge succession.

Which process occurs in an ecosystem after a fire has gone through a forest, leaving only a few trees and shrubs?

¿Qué proceso ocurre en un ecosistema después de que un incendio atraviesa un bosque, dejando solo algunos árboles y arbustos?

• Edge succession.

• Cyclic succession.

• Secondary succession.

• Primary succession.

Which is the final and most stable stage of change in an ecosystem?

¿Cuál es la etapa de cambio final y más estable en un ecosistema?

• Climax community.

• Intermediate state.

• Final community.

• Mature ecosystem.

Which type of plant is one of the first to colonize an area in an ecosystem that has been burned, leaving only barren ground?

¿Qué tipo de planta es una de las primeras en colonizar un área en un ecosistema que se ha quemado, dejando solo terreno baldío?

• Short bushes such as honeysuckle bushes.

• Big trees such as oak trees.

• Tiny plants such as lichens.

• Small plants such as grasses.

Select the true statement.

Seleccione la declaración verdadera.

• All species in an ecosystem are connected to one another.

• Species in an ecosystem are independent of one another.

• A change in a physical or biological characteristic of an ecosystem will affect all species in the same way.

• An ecosystem that is out of balance can never be returned to balance.

In the sea, the first species to colonize a new habitat are algae and corals. Next come small fish and other sea animals like crabs. Next come bigger fish, which eat the small fish.

What are the pioneer species in this scenario?

En el mar, las primeras especies en colonizar un nuevo hábitat son las algas y los corales. Luego vienen los peces pequeños y otros animales marinos como los cangrejos.

Luego vienen los peces más grandes, que se comen a los peces pequeños. ¿Cuáles son las especies pioneras en este escenario?

• Small fish and bigger fish.

• Algae and corals.

• Bigger fish only.

• Small fish and crabs.

A large highway divides a forest habitat into two sections.

How will this affect the populations of animals living in the area?

Una gran carretera divide un hábitat forestal en dos secciones.

¿Cómo afectará esto a las poblaciones de animales que viven en la zona?

• Animals that live at the edges of the habitat will have more living space.

• Animals that live in the interior part of the habitat will have more living space.

• All animals will have less living space.

• There will not be any changes to the habitat.

A keystone species...

Una especie clave ...

• influences the survival of many other species in the ecosystem.

• is the most important species in an ecosystem.

• is the species that is least likely to be affected by change in an ecosystem.

• is the same for every ecosystem.

The main predators in a wetland ecosystem are wading birds. They eat frogs and fish, which in turn eat insects. If the wading birds leave the ecosystem, what will happen in the short term?

Los principales depredadores de un ecosistema de humedales son las aves zancudas. Comen ranas y peces, que a su vez comen insectos. Si las aves zancudas abandonan el ecosistema, ¿qué pasará a corto plazo?

• The insect populations will increase. The frog and fish populations will decrease.

• The frog, fish, and insect populations will all decrease.

• The frog, fish, and insect populations will all increase.

• The frog and fish populations will increase. The insect population will decrease.