AP Bio Unit 2 Review

One of the key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotes from a prokaryotic ancestor is the endomembrane system. What eukaryotic organelles or features might have evolved as a part of, or as an elaboration of, the endomembrane system?

• ribosomes

• chloroplasts

• mitochondria

• nuclear membrane

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NGSS.HS-LS4-1

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

In a bacterial cell, one of the subunits of the ribosome is called 30s and is composed of about 20 different proteins. A mutation occurs that changes the structure of one of these proteins.  What effect will this most likely have on the bacterial cell?

• It would stimulate binary cell fission and the cell would divide uncontrollably.
• The cell would be unable to properly synthesize proteins.
• Development of abnormal hereditary features would occur in the cell.
• Increased protein absorption would occur through the cell membrane

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NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following statements regarding the mitochondria is correct?

• Mitochondria contain their own ribosomes and thus produce some of their own proteins.
• Mitochondria are involved in the transport that occurs as a part of the endomembrane system.
• Mitochondria rely on the DNA of the eukaryote cell in order to function correctly.
• Mitochondria produce ATP only used by themselves.

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NGSS.HS-LS1-7

A cross section of part of a Golgi complex is shown. Part of the membrane of the Golgi complex pinches off and moves away. Which of the following is a function of this process?

• to release energy from ATP

• to deliver proteins to other locations in the cell

• to collect amino acids for use in protein synthesis

• to sent messages about cell requirements to the nucleus

Which of the following statements correctly matches a cell part with its function

• The cell membrane packages lipids for export
• The mitochondria perform photosynthesis
• The lysosome digests molecules
• The nucleus produces energy

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Trichondia is a eukaryotic organism that attaches itself to fish and eats bacteria. Which of the following distinguishes Trichodina from all prokaryotes?

• Trichodina is unicellular

• Trichodina has a nucleus

• Trichodina has cytoplasm

• Trichodina is heterotrophic

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Keratin is a protein found in hair. Where in a cell is keratin made?

• nucleus

• vacuole

• ribosomes

• mitochondria

Which of the following statements is consistent with the structure of the cell shown?

• It is an epithelial cell

• It is a mature red blood cell

• It requires high levels of oxygen

• It converts carbon dioxide into glucose

After a protein is constructed at the ribosome, it can be transported to the Golgi complex for modification. What cellular structure is used in this transport?

• Lysosome
• Mitochondrion
• Nuclear pore
• Endoplasmic reticulum

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large and complex lipids. Which cellular organelle must be involved in this condition?

• the endoplasmic reticulum

• the Golgi apparatus

• the lysosome

• membrane-bound ribosomes