First 23 Argumentative and Rhetorical Devices QUIZ

The initial evidence—or reasoning—for a claim. This is an answer to the question "why do you think your claim is true?"

• Backing

• Pathos

• Grounds

• Reason

Information or facts about grounds that help establish their validity. In some cases, this may be simply a more in-depth discussion of the grounds.

• Grounds

• Factual Information

• Backing

• Pathos

A new idea or opinion. It may simply present information or suggest that certain action is needed.

• Logos

• Reason

• Claim

• Ethos

A statement made by an expert who is recognized as an expert in her or his field.

• Counterclaim

• Research Results

• Opinion

• Expert Opinion

A statement with which others may agree or disagree

• Opinion

• Expert Opinion

• Persuasion

• Fact

Exceptions to claims that indicate the degree of certainty for the claim.

• Factual Information

• Qualifiers

• Persuasion

• Concession

A statement that can be verified and confirmed.

• Expert Opinion

• Fact

• Opinion

• Persuasion

An appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.

• Logos

• Pathos

• Ethos

• Reason

The argument (or one of the arguments) opposing your thesis statement. The opposite of a claim.

• Expert Opinion

• Refuting a Claim

• Counterclaim

• Concession

Data collected through methodical investigation or through scientific experiments.

• Research Results

• Expert Opinion

• Refuting a Claim

• Rhetorical Devices