Independent, Dependent, and Controlled Variables

Independent Variable is the __________.

• cause 因

• effect 果

Dependent Variable is the __________. It is what happens as a result of the independent variable.

• cause 因

• effect 果

A __________ variable 控制變數 is one which the researcher holds constant (controls) during an experiment.

• independent

• dependent

• controlled

Angel sets up an experiment to see how the height of the ramp affects the speed of a ball rolling down a ramp. Identify the independent variable 自變項 .

• The height of the ramp

• The speed of the ball rolling down the ramp

• The same ball should be used to roll down the slope each time.

Angel sets up an experiment to see how the height of the ramp affects the speed of a ball rolling down a ramp. Identify the dependent variable 應變項 .

• The height of the ramp

• The speed of the ball rolling down the ramp

• The same ball should be used to roll down the slope each time.

Angel sets up an experiment to see how the height of the ramp affects the speed of a ball rolling down a ramp. Identify the controlled variables 控制變數.

• The height of the ramp

• The speed of the ball rolling down the ramp

• The same ball on the same ramp should be used to roll down the slope each time.

Does heating a cup of water allow it to dissolve more sugar? What is the independent variable?

• Temperature of the water measured in degrees Celsius (°C)

• Amount of sugar that dissolves completely measured in grams

Does heating a cup of water allow it to dissolve more sugar? What is the dependent variable?

• Temperature of the water measured in degrees Celsius (°C)

• Amount of sugar that dissolves completely measured in grams

Stirring and type of sugar are the controlled variables in this experiment.

• Yes

• No

More stirring might also increase the amount of sugar that dissolves and different sugars might dissolve in different amounts, so to ensure a fair experiment, I want to keep these variables the same for each cup of water.

Do you agree?

• Yes

• No