Volcano/Earthquake Test Prep

Stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions is called _______

• shearing

• tension

• compression

• deformation

A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume is called _______

• an aftershock

• friction

• liquefaction

• stress

The _______ is the point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake.

• syncline

• footwall

• epicenter

• focus

S waves are also known as _______

• primary waves

• secondary waves

• surface waves

• focus waves

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Compared to P waves and S waves, surface waves move _______

• faster

• slowly

• at the same rate

• farther from the epicenter

In what direction do seismic waves carry the energy of an earthquake?

• away from the focus

• toward the focus

• from the surface to the interior

• through the mantle only

_______ can travel through both liquids and solids?

• P waves

• S waves

• Focus waves

• Surface waves

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

What does a seismograph record?

• the Mercalli scale rating for an earthquake

• the speed of seismic waves

• the ground movements caused by seismic waves

• the location of the epicenter

Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called _______

• rock.

• magma.

• volcanic ash.

• liquid fire.

A _______ is a long tube in the ground that connects the magma chamber to Earth’s surface.

• vent

• side vent

• pipe

• crater