5B/5C Differentiation + Cancer [PRE]

Cell cycle checkpoints are able to stop mutated cells. Mutated cells are cancerous. If the checkpoints are damaged, they are unable destroy (stop) cancerous cells from dividing. Compared to normal cell division,

• cancer cell cycle is faster

• cancer cell cycle is uncontrollable

• cancer cell is continous

• all of the above

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What is one goal of cellular differentiation/specialization?

• To create specialized cells to help organism maintain homeostasis.
• To many cells.
• To make stem cells
• to make single celled organisms

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

What is the importance of apoptosis?

• To eliminate damaged or unnecessary cells
• To create specialized cells
• To produce two identical cells
• To cause uncontrolled cell growth

Stem cells are

• cells that grow uncontrollably
• undifferentiated and can be any type of cell
• never go through cell division
• only found in embryos

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Which best explains why muscle cells are different from blood cells?

• Muscle cells are produced by the brain, but blood cells are produced by the heart. 
• Different genes are activated in muscle cells than in blood cells. 
• Muscles cells experience different environmental influences than blood cells. 
• A mutation occurs during the development of muscle cells but not in blood cells. 

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

How do stem cells know what type of cells to differentiate into?

• The nucleus has instructions to turn some genes on and some genes off.
• Signals from chemicals in the organism or from the environment determine which genes will be turned on and off.
• Genes turn on and off randomly.
• The cell has unique DNA that determines what the cell will become.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Cancer creates abnormal cells by disrupting

• the cell cycle
• red blood cell formation
• DNA replication
• ATP synthesis

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Something that increases the chance of developing a disease.

• morbidity
• palliative treatment
• lifetime risk
• risk factor