2.1 The Ventilatory System

Which of the following is not part of the ventilatory system?

• bronchioles

• trachea

• Esophagus

• bronchus

What is the name of the small sacs specially adapted for gas exchange?

• bronchioles

• alveoli

• trachea

• pharynx

By which process does O² enter and CO₂ leave the blood?

• active transport

• dispersion

• diffusion

• osmosis

During inhalation

• the diaphragm contracts and flattens

• the diaphragm relaxes and becomes dome-shaped

• the internal intercostal muscles contract

• the external intercostal muscles relax

During exhalation

• Volume of the thoracic cavity decreases

• Pressure in the thoracic cavity decreases

• Volume of the thoracic cavity increases

• Pressure in the thoracic cavity increases

Vital capacity:

• Maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation

• Volume of air breathed in and out in any one breath, when breathing normally

• Volume of air still contained in the lungs after a maximum exhalation

• Volume of air in excess of tidal volume that can be exhaled forcibly

Tidal volume:

• total volume of air that can be voluntarily moved in one breath

• volume of air inhaled or exhaled in a single breath at rest

• volume of air in the lungs following a maximal expiration

• volume of gas that can be expired at the end of a tidal expiration

Residual volume:

• Volume of air in the lungs after maximum inhalation

• Volume of air breathed in and out in any one breath, when breathing normally

• Volume of air still contained in the lungs after a maximum exhalation

• Volume of air in excess of tidal volume that can be exhaled forcibly

Vital capacity plus residual volume equals __________________.

• tidal volume

• tidal capacity

• total lung capacity

• total tidal volume

Gas exchange is needed to supply _____________ to cells and remove __________________

• carbon dioxide; oxygen

• oxygen; food

• oxygen; carbon dioxide

• carbon dioxide; water