1st quarter Review

Two plants were grown in two different brands of potting mix. The graph below shows the height of the two plants over 12 weeks. Why does a key need to be added to the graph?

• A. to describe the purpose of the graph

• B. to show which plant is represented by each line

• C. to describe how often the height was measured

• D. to show what units were used to measure height

Which of the claims about why many experiments include several trials instead of a single trial is correct?

• Repetition of trials makes data easier to analyze.

• Repetition of trials increases the accuracy of the results.

• Repetition of trials increases the sample size of the experiment.

• Repetition of trials lets the experimenter change the experimental procedure.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

Two scientists have different ideas about a scientific concept. What might they do to resolve their differences?

• A. Debate their ideas using evidence they have gathered through observation and research.

• B. Remain silent and hope someone will come up with confirmation for one side or another.

• C. Each will only discuss the idea with people they know will agree with it.

• D. Each will agree that the other is correct in order to remain friends.

A scientist is researching the solar system. How can the scientist best add to the empirical evidence already gathered about the solar system?

• The scientist can make and record observations.

• The scientist can debate the research with other scientists.

• The scientist can write an opinion column about the research.

• The scientist can develop a new law regarding the solar system.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Controlled scientific experiments include variables. One kind of variable is an independent variable and the other kind is a dependent variable. Which statement describes the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable?

• The dependent variable does not change and the independent variable does change.

• The independent variable does not change and the dependent variable does not change.

• The dependent variable is the control and the independent variable is the result.

• The dependent variable changes based on the independent variable.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Student backpacks are designed using the engineering design process. Backpack designers make three prototypes of the same backpack. Each prototype uses exactly the same design and technique but different fabrics. Look at the results of testing for each of the prototypes.

Based on evidence below, which of the following claims explains the relationship between the mass of the backpack and the maximum load the backpack can carry?

• A. As the fabrics get thinner, they are able to support heavy loads.

• B. As the fabrics get heavier, they are able to support heavy loads.

• C. As the fabrics are sewn better, they are able to support heavy loads.

• D. As the fabrics age through use, they are less able to support heavy loads.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

Sebastian drew a figure to illustrate evidence supporting Boyle’s law, which explains the relationship between pressure and volume for a gas kept at constant temperature. His figure looked like the one shown below.

Based on the evidence in the figure, which claim can be made about what happens to a gas due to pressure?

• A. The volume of gas increases as pressure decreases, and particles get closer together.

• B. The volume of gas decreases as pressure increases, and particles get closer together.

• C. The amount of gas increases as pressure decreases.

• D. The volume of gas remains constant as pressure increases.

Which description defines a dependent variable in a scientific experiment?

• A. any factor that is controlled during an experiment

• B. any factor that is measured to gather results

• C. any factor that changes during an experiment

• D. any factor that is changed so that it can be tested

The diagram above represents a molecule of water. The circles represent atoms, and the lines represent bonds.

What is the correct term for this diagram?

• A. experiment

• B. observation

• C. visual model

• D. mathematical model

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

A group of students measures the mass and volume of an object to calculate its density. Which procedure increases the accuracy and validity of the group’s data?

• A. repeating the experiment and analyzing all the data

• B. having group members individually calculate density

• C. changing the procedure to check whether the results are constant

• D. varying the equipment used to check whether the results are constant