Organic Families- Properties and Uses

Have a sour tangy taste and will turn blue litmus paper red. Ex vinegar

• Alcohols

• Amines

• Esters

• Carboxylic Acids

Different than other ring structures; Alternating double bond or delocalized electrons.

• Cycloalkanes

• Aromatics

• Alkenes

• Esters

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

• Aldehydes and Ketones

• Esters and Carboxylic Acids

• Alkenes and Alkynes

• Alkanes and Alcohols

Involved in chemical signals in insects such as pheromones; also in some nail polish removers

• Ketones

• Aldehydes

• Esters

• Amides

Much higher boiling point than alkanes but lower than carboxylic acids; can H-bond; can be found in beer and wine.

• Ether

• Amide

• Aldehyde

• Alcohol

Synthetic ones used to flavour processed foods and as scents in cosmetics and perfumes.

• Ether

• Amide

• Ester

• Aromatic

Unpleasant odour such as rotting fish and animal flesh from the breakdown of proteins.

• Esters

• Amines

• Amides

• Aromatics

Shorter chain examples have a strong unpleasant odour; Gives bitter almond and vanilla its essence.

• Alcohols

• Ethers

• Aldehydes

• Ketones

Used in fridges and air conditioner, non-stick coating, DDT and PCBs

• Alkane

• Alkene

• Organic Halide

• Aromatic

Used in anesthetics and as a solvent for fats and oils; volatile and highly flammable.

• Esters

• Alkenes

• Alcohols

• Ethers