Chapter 1 Review

Which of the following would a chemist be most likely to study?

• What happens when a moving car comes to a stop

• What happens when iron rusts in the presence of water

• What happens when ice melts to form liquid water

• What happens when light reflects from a shiny surface

Why is chemistry known as the ‘central’ science?

• Because chemistry involves the study of the central parts of matter

• Because chemistry is fundamental to understanding the other sciences

• Because chemistry is always studied after biology and before physics

• Because chemistry deals with processes that affect living and nonliving things

The study of chemicals that, in general, do not contain carbon is traditionally called what type of chemistry?

• Bio

• Inorganic

• Physical

• Analytical

Chemical research that is directed toward a practical goal is called _____.

• Analytical chemistry

• Physical chemistry

• Pure chemistry

• Applied chemistry

A central concept of the kinetic theory, one of the ‘big ideas’ of chemistry, is the belief that

• For every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction.

• Chemical reactions involve processes in which reactants produce products.

• The particles in matter are in a constant state of motion.

• Every chemical process uses or produces energy, often in the form of heat.

Which of the following is NOT a ‘big idea’ in chemistry?

• Every chemical process uses or produces energy.

• Elements are held together by strong forces called chemical bonds.

• Matter is created or destroyed in order to form new chemical substances.

• Chemical reactions are processes in which reactants change to form products.

Which of the following statements is false?

• Knowledge of chemistry allows the public to make informed decisions.

• Studying chemistry ensures that officials make correct choices in funding technology.

• Knowledge of chemistry helps prepare people for careers in soil science.

• Chemistry explains many aspects of nature.

Which of the following results from studying chemistry?

• Preparing for a career in computer programming

• Understanding what you should use to remove a stain from your shirt

• Calculating the shortest distance between any two locations in your city

• Deciding whether local tax money should be spent on repairs for old school buildings

Which of the following is an example of chemistry research in the main area of energy?

• Producing bioplastics

• Specific reactions between prescription drugs and chemicals in cells

• Developing rechargeable batteries

• Determining the composition of extraterrestrial soil and rocks

A research chemist is trying to create a new plastic to be used as a food container that is more durable and lighter than glass, and so cheaper to transport. This is an example of research chemistry that _____.

• Conserves energy

• Improves human life

• Benefits the environment

• Produces improved materials