Civics 1st Quarter Exam 2021 MS

the process by which seats in the House of Representatives are distributed among the fifty states

• pork-barrel politics

• apportionment

• cloture

• earmark

a parliamentary process to end a debate in the Senate, as a measure against the filibuster; invoked when three-fifths of senators vote for the motion

• cloture

• omnibus bill

• president pro tempore

• apportionment

a special type of joint committee that reconciles different bills passed in the House and Senate so a single bill results

• joint committee

• standing committee

• conference committee

• select committee

the powers given explicitly to the federal government by the Constitution to regulate interstate and foreign commerce, raise and support armies, declare war, coin money, and conduct foreign affairs

• enumerated powers

• implied powers

• inherent powers

a parliamentary maneuver used in the Senate to extend debate on a piece of legislation as long as possible, typically with the intended purpose of obstructing or killing it

• filibuster

• omnibus bill

• president pro tempore

• whip

a parliamentary maneuver used in the Senate to extend debate on a piece of legislation as long as possible, typically with the intended purpose of obstructing or killing it

• filibuster

• omnibus bill

• president pro tempore

• whip

the relationship between Congress and the US as a whole, and whether the institution itself represents the American people

• delegate model of representation

• descriptive representation

• collective representation

• politico model of representation

a model of representation in which representatives feel compelled to act on the specific stated wishes of their constituents

• delegate model of representation

• descriptive representation

• collective representation

• politico model of representation

a model of representation in which representatives feel at liberty to act in the way they believe is best for their constituents

• delegate model of representation

• descriptive representation

• collective representation

• politico model of representation

• trustee model of representation

proposes that the surge of stimulation occurring during presidential elections subsides during midterm elections, accounting for the differences we observe in turnouts and results

• majority leader

• minority leader

• president pro tempore

• Surge-and-decline theory