Chapter 1 Checkpoint

The Civil War and the Reconstruction Amendments to the Constitution ended slavery throughout the United States. But what was next for African Americans? Many freed African Americans knew how to farm, but they had no land or money. They needed housing, clothing, food, and income. How did large numbers of African Americans try to solve this problem?

• They borrowed money from banks to buy land.

• They got jobs operating new machinery on large farms.

• They returned to Africa on passenger ships.

• They became sharecroppers or tenant farmers.

Why was the South in much worse shape than the North at the end of the Civil War?

• because most battles were fought in the South, so damage there was much worse

• because the Confederacy lost so many more soldiers than the Union

• because the Union lost so many more soldiers than the Confederacy

• because Abraham Lincoln made the defeated Confederacy give all its money to the Union

What factors influenced the growth of industry in Tennessee after the Civil War? (choose 3)

• construction of railroads

• computerization

• availability of coal

• industrialization

• small populations

Which is the definition of industrialization?  

• the change from manual production of goods to the use of automation and mechanical methods of production

• an increase in the population of cities and towns versus rural areas

• a single supplier produces and sells a given product or service

• a legal entity that is separate and distinct from its owners.

Henry Grady introduced the term “New South,” and he became known as the “voice of the New South.”Which statements best describe the message he communicated by using the term “New South”?(Choose 3)

• “The South has more than just agriculture – it now has great industry, too.”

• “Don’t hold grudges against the South; we have changed!”

• “The South is rebuilding its beautiful plantations and its past way of life.”

• “The South has a new name, but don’t expect us to change our ways.”

• “Check out the South – you will be impressed with what you see.”

Which statement best describes the results of Northern investments in Southern industries?

• Southern businesses refused to accept Northern investment money.

• Southern businesses and industries thrived, new factories were built across the region, and state economies flourished.

• Northern citizens refused to buy Southern goods and Southern industries were forced to close.

What crisis did Southern plantation owners face at the end of the Civil War?

• Demand for cotton was higher than what Southern plantations could produce.

• Northerners built factories on many Southern plantations.

• Plantation owners no longer had slaves to work on their farms.

• Freed slaves were given ownership of most of the South’s large plantations.