Spine Kinematics

What is being defined here?

“a state of muscular and skeletal balance that protects the supporting structures of the body against injury, the effects of ageing, etc., irrespective of the activity or effort involved.”

• Lateral suppleness

• Posture

• Spine kinematics

• Longitudinal suppleness

Why is posture important?

• It enables the horse to work safely and comfortably.

• It looks appealing

• It means the horse scores higher in competition

What percentage of the horse's bodyweight is carried on the forehand in the untrained horse?

• 50%

• 60%

• 70%

This image shows an example of "compensatory posture"

What is the most likely cause of this?

• Poor training

• Poor handling

• Poor foot balance

• Inadequate room to stretch in the stable

What term is being described here:

"the study of motion"

• Biomechanics

• Kinematics

• Motionology

What term is being described here:

"the study of motion of living organisms"

• Biomechanics

• Kinematics

• Motionology

The horse is able to flex it's spine to the left and the right - when riding or working horses from the ground, we talk about "bend to the inside"

What type of suppleness is required for the horse to be able to do this effectively and easily? (one word)

The horse is able to flex it's spine by working over the back and engaging the core muscles - when riding or working horses from the ground, we talk about "working in an outline"

What type of suppleness is required for the horse to be able to do this effectively and easily? (one word)

Which letter is used in this image to denote the "dorsal process" of the vertabra?

• A

• B

• C

What condition may occur if the horse works in a state of continual spinal extension as shown in this image?