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•Stated that lateralization makes it difficult for people to be able ever again to easily acquire fluent control of a second language, or at least to acquire it with "authentic" (nativelike) pronunciation.

• Stephen Krashen

• Thomas Scovel

• Ellis

•The acquisition of the communicative and functional purpose of language is far more important than a perfect native accent.

• True

• False

•Believed that the development of lateralization may be complete around age 5.

• Ellis

• Stephen Krashen

• Thomas Scovel

How many stages of intellectual developmen does Piaget outline?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Very young children are totally egocentric. The world revolves about them, and they see all events as focusing on themselves.

• True

• False

•Most bilinguals do not engage in code-switching (the act of inserting words, phrases, or even longer stretches of one language into the other) especially when communicating with another bilingual.

• True

• False

Refers to family lineage languages acquired by individuals raised in homes where dominant language of the region, such as English in the United States, is not spoken or not exclusively spoken in the home.

• Bilingualism

• Compound Bilingual

• Heritage Language Acquisition

There is an ideal time window to acquire language in a linguistically rich environment, after which further language acquisition becomes much more difficult and effortful.

• The Input Hypothesis

• The Affective Filter Hypothesis

• The Critical Period Hypothesis

States that in learning a second language, “younger = better in the long run,” but points out that there are many exceptions, noting that five percent of adult bilinguals master a second language even though they begin learning it when they are well into adulthood—long after any critical period has presumably come to a close.

• David Singleton

• Thomas Scovel

• Chomsky

• Bandura

The degree of equality (subordination or domination) between the host and guest cultures.

• Social dominance

• Enclosure

• Size

• Cohesiveness