Progressive Era Vocabulary

law enabling voters to propose a new law by collecting signatures on a petition.

• Initiative

• Referendum

• Recall

• Direct Primary

Measure allowing citizens to vote on proposed laws.

• Initiative

• Referendum

• Recall

• Direct Primary

Measure allowing voters to remove an official from office before his or her term is over.

• Initiative

• Refendum

• Recall

• Direct Primary

Method of allowing voters to choose their own candidates for office

• Initiative

• Referndum

• Recall

• Direct Primary

Voting method in which a voters' choice in an election is anonymous.

• Secret Ballot

• Recall

• Referendum

• Initiative

political organizations that used legal and illegal methods to ensure that their candidates won elections.

• Direct Primary

• Secret Ballot

• Political Machines

• Muckrakers

Corrupt political leaders who used bribery and favors to win votes and elections

• Bosses

• Muckrakers

• Progressives

• Conservation

journalists who wrote about corruption in business and politics in order to bring about reform

• Bosses

• Muckrakers

• Progressives

• Conservation

protection of nature and its resources

• Bosses

• Muckrakers

• Progressives

• Conservation

Reformers who worked to improve social and political problems, beginning in the late 1800s.

• Bosses

• Muckrakers

• Progressives

• Conservation