Developmental_T7

1. Infants control the muscles of their trunk and arms before they control their hands and fingers, and they use their whole hands before they can control several fingers. This indicates a _____ pattern of growth.

• A. Proximodistal

• B. Cephalocaudal

• C. Proximocaudal

• D. cephalodistal

2. Which of the following statements about the structure of the brain is true?

• A. The forebrain is the portion nearest to the spinal cord.

• B. The brain has two hemispheres, and each hemisphere is divided into four lobes.

• C. Speech and grammar depend on activity in the right hemisphere of the cortex.

• D. Humor and the use of metaphors depend on activity in the left hemisphere of the cortex.

3. In the brain, the _____ lobe is involved in voluntary movement, thinking, personality, and intentionality or purpose.

• A. parietal

• B. temporal

• C. frontal

• D. occipital

4. One day when baby Mark was crawling around, he fell down the stairs. After the doctor examined him, Mark's parents learned that he had damaged the parietal lobe of the brain. Mark's parents were told to expect that he would have difficulty with

• A. vision.

• B. processing auditory information.

• C. registering spatial locations.

• D. initiating movement.

5. A fall from the changing table resulted in damage to the temporal lobe of Emily's brain. Her doctor told her parents that this would most likely affect her

• A. memory.

• B. sense of taste.

• C. voluntary movement.

• D. vision.

6. Which of the following statements is true regarding specialization in the hemispheres of the brain?

• A. Logical thinkers are usually "left-brained."

• B. Creative thinkers are usually "right-brained."

• C. Complex thinking in normal people is the outcome of communication between both hemispheres of the brain.

• D. Complex thinking is mostly carried out by the right hemisphere, while the left hemisphere typically deals with motor control.

7. In the context of the fibers that extend from a neuron's cell body, the fiber that carries signals away from the neuron's cell body is called a(n)

• A. neurotransmitter.

• B. axon.

• C. synapse.

• D. dendrite.

8. In the context of neurons, which of the following statements is true of the myelin sheath?

• A. It releases chemicals called neurotransmitters into synapses, which are tiny gaps between neurons' fibers.

• B. It is a layer of fat cells that insulates axons and helps electrical signals travel faster down the axon.

• C. It is a fiber that carries signals away from the cell body of a neuron.

• D. It is a fiber that carries signals toward the cell body of a neuron.

9. In the context of the brain's development, which of the following statements is true of lateralization?

• A. It refers to the process of encasing the axons of neurons in the brain with fat cells.

• B. It refers to categorization of the areas of the brain based on ridges and valleys in the cortex.

• C. It refers to the expansion of dendritic connections that facilitates the spreading of neural pathways in infant development.

• D. It refers to the specialization of function in one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex or the other.

10. _____ are tiny gaps, or junctions, between neurons' fibers.

• A. Myelin sheaths

• B. Dendrites

• C. Synapses

• D. Neurotransmitters