Renaissance & Reformation Test Review

Which statement BEST explains why the Renaissance began in Italy?

• Italy was the victor in the Hundred Years War.

• Italian cities were trade centers in the late fourteenth century.

• Northern Europe artists arrived bringing their artistic style that the artists copied.

• The successful creation of a unified Italian monarchy meant resources were available for art.

During the Renaissance, a strong belief in humanism emerged. "Humanism" means

• that obedience to God was not as important as obedience to the state.

• that the power of the state was more important than individual liberty.

• that the teachings of the ancient Greeks had no place in Renaissance thought.

• that the individual has importance and his achievements should be celebrated.

The LEAST LIKELY impact of Gutenberg's adaptation of the printing press in 1439 was

• the spread of Renaissance ideas.

• the suppression of literacy in Europe.

• the stimulation of the scientific revolution.

• the circulation of Martin Luther's ideas on Protestantism.

Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton all supported which idea from the Scientific Revolution?

• law of gravity

• geocentric theory

• heliocentric theory

• law of planetary motion

During the Renaissance in Europe, scholars and artists increasingly shifted the focus of their work from theological issues to ones that celebrated humanity and its achievements. This philosophy became known as

• deism.

• humanism

• liberalism.

• socialism.

Humanism is associated with the Renaissance because humanists

• recreated the old Roman Empire.

• were located in Northern Europe.

• were inspired by the renewed interest in Greek and Roman culture.

• believed that the Catholic Church was in dire need of massive reform.

By the end of the Renaissance, Johannes Gutenberg had the GREATEST impact on

• literacy rates.

• artistic meh

• political criticism.

• religious philosophy.

“A controversy has arisen about this: whether it is better to be loved than feared, or vice versa. My view is that it is desirable to be both loved and feared; but it is difficult to achieve both and, if one of them has to be lacking, it is much safer to be feared than loved.”Niccolo MachiavelliThe Prince, 1532

Which statement BEST explains the point of this passage from Machiavelli?

• people should rise up against tyrannical rulers

• leaders should be more in touch with the people

• democracy is the best form of national government

• absolute power is the surest and most effective way to rule

The teachings of Martin Luther sparked the

• Middle Ages.

• Renaissn

• Industrial Revolution.

• Protestant Reformation.

Sir Isaac Newton revolutionized the way people understood the universe in the seventeenth century when he proved that the

• earth revolves around the sun.

• planets revolve around the sun.

• planets are held in place by an invisible shield.

• sun's gravity keeps the planets within their orbits.