Section 7 Test

In sickle cell disease, the gene responsible for forming hemoglobin inserts the amino acid valine instead of glumatic acid. Only this one amino acid is affected, but the resulting protein is shaped incorrectly. What type of mutation causes sickle cell disease?

• a chromosomal inversion

• a point mutation

• a frameshift mutation

• a chromosomal deletion

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Why does a DNA fingerprint help to identify a person?

• no two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA

• most genes are dominant

• most people have DNA that contains repeats

• the most important genes are different among most people

Determining the order of nucleotide base pairs in part or all an individual's genome

• gene therapy

• transcriptome

• genotyping

• DNA sequencing

Scientists have a genetically modified Atlantic salmon to include an extra set of chromosomes and to include a growth hormone gene from Pacific Chinook salmon. These GM salmon grow several times faster than non-modified Atlantic salmon. Which of the following would be the most valid ethical objection to raising GM salmon?

• GM salmon would be more expensive than wild Atlantic salmon

• GM salmon may have a shorter life span than Atlantic salmon

• GM salmon are more likely to mutate in captivity

• GM salmon could upset the ecosystem if released into the wild

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Turner Syndrome is a chromosomal mutation resulting from nondisjunction during meiosis in forming either sperm or egg cells. Which of th following genetic technologies would be best to determine the prescence of this chromosomal mutation?

• karyotyping

• DNA fingerprinting

• gene therapy

• recombinant DNA technology

How did the Human Genome Project create specific ethical, legal, or social concerns? Select two.

• DNA sequencing could lead to targeted gene therapies for the treatment of genetic diseases and Mapping the locations of genes on each chromosome could lead to improvements in disease diagnosis

• Disease risk factors revealed by DNA sequencing could lead to discrimination in employment or in health insurance coverage and DNA sequencing could lead to targeted gene therapies for the treatment of genetic diseases

• DNA sequencing reveals several types of information that many individuals may want to keep private and Disease risk factors revealed by DNA sequencing could lead to discrimination in employment or in health insurance coverage

• Mapping the locations of genes on each chromosome could lead to improvements in disease diagnosis and Disease risk factors revealed by DNA sequencing could lead to discrimination in employment or in health insurance coverag

Theraputic cloning, the process of creating an embryo from a somatic cell can be used in embryonic stem cell research. Which of the following correctly describes an ethical issue raised by this type of cloning.

• The embryo is destroyed when the stem cells are harvested

• The embryo is formed from a sperm and an egg

• The procedure creates a genetically modified organism.

• The resulting organism may not be identical to the parent organism.

The entire set of proteins produced by a cell, tissue, or organism.

• gene therapy

• proteome

• transcriptome

• DNA sequencing

A technique that compares portions of DNA where certain genes are known to be located to determine differences in the DNA sequences.

• DNA sequencing

• gene therapy

• proteome

• genotyping

Identify "three" of the major accomplishments of the Human Genome Project.

• All human DNA, including coded and non-coding regions, were sequenced and mapped, transcriptomes and proteomes were studied to advance medical treatment of genetic diseases, several gene therapies were developed and approved for the use during the project.

• The genomes of several animals important in research were sequenced, Most of the gene-containing regions of human DNA were accurately sequenced, Several million small variations in human DNA sequences were mapped.

• several gene therapies were developed and approved for the use during the project, All human DNA, including coded and non-coding regions, were sequenced and mapped, The genomes of several animals important in research were sequenced