In Travelers among Mountains and Streams, Fan Kuan makes the few human and animal figures very small in comparison to the massive mountains in order to remind viewers that

• people should choose to live simply

• people are insignificant in relation to nature

• the bond between people and animals is important

• people should not attempt to scale the heights of a mountain

The Qin Dynasty Terra cotta warriors differ from the warriors shown on the Standard of Ur in that only the Qin warriors

• were created for a tomb

• have individual features

• stand in straight lines

• are monochromatic

The arrangement of stones and raked white sand in the dry garden of Ryoan-ji is intended to

• promote study and meditation

• protect and guide the spirits of the dead

• represent a typical Japanese landscape

• encourage circumambulation

In White and Red Plum Blossoms, the artist Ogata Korin used abstracted organic forms, monumental scale, and lavish gold surfaces in order to

• appeal to the luxurious tastes of aristocrats

• demonstrate the depth of his religious devotion

• create a work influenced by Byzantine icons

• facilitate meditation for its purchaser

The work shown is an early example of the enduring Chinese artistic tradition of creating pictorial imagery by

• weaving designs with wool

• drawing with ink on paper

• painting with pigments on silk

• embroidering images onto linen

Which of the following characteristics helps attribute this work to Katsushika Hokusai?

• The expressiveness of the figures in the wind

• The alternating, horizontal bands of blue and green

• The inclusion of a view of Mount Fuji in the background

• The subtle gradation of color in the background and sky

Both objects shown suggest a belief in an afterlife because both

• incorporate symbols that were reserved for funeral rituals

• combine imagery that represents both human birth and death

• were made from precious materials and deposited in graves

• were found alongside texts guiding the soul through the underworld

The Hall of Supreme Harmony in the Forbidden City was placed on a high terrace at the end of the north-south axis in order to

• serve as an observatory in which priests could chart the sky

• provide the formal setting for the emperor, who was known as the son of Heaven

• allow the gods to come down from the heavens to a high place on Earth

• serve as an axis mundi symbolizing the Forbidden City’s place at the center of Earth

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the Chinese Neo-Confucian artistic tradition that is embodied in Fan Kuan’s Travelers among Mountains and Streams ?

• Landscape painting should be above all a means of self-expression.

• Nature should be depicted as a metaphor for moral and orderly life.

• The depiction of nature should be as faithful as possible to what is observed.

• Landscape is a preferred subject because it is immoral to depict individual people.

The David Vases are significant in the history of Chinese art primarily because

• the elephant-head handles document the derivation of their forms from bronze objects

• their blue color suggests that the vases were intended to serve as gifts to the Mughal court

• their inscriptions make them one of the earliest dated examples of blue-and-white porcelain

• the use of cobalt for the blue glaze provides evidence of trade between China and the Middle East